Page 2 - Disclaimer – Please Read:
Disclaimer – Please Read: This document contains implementation examples and techniques using Linksys and, in some instances, other company’s technology and products and is a recommendation only and does not constitute any legal arrangement between Linksys and the reader, either written or implied. ...
Page 3 - Table of Contents
Table of Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1. The Session Initiation Protocol ............................................................................................. ...
Page 6 - The information contained herein is not a warranty from Linksys; The Session Initiation Protocol; Here are some of
1. Introduction This guide describes basic administration and use of the Linksys Technology PHONE ADAPTER phone adapter – an intelligent low-density Voice over IP (VoIP) gateway. The PHONE ADAPTER enables carrier class residential and business IP Telephony services delivered over broadband or high-s...
Page 8 - Components of a SIP Network; Service; Subscriber; IP; . If the ISP provides only one; Figure 1 -- Components of a SIP IP Telephony Network; the subscriber’s private network and the ISP’s public network
1.1.1. Components of a SIP Network SIP Proxy Server PSTN Gate way Route r NAT Provisioning Server PC PC Application Server PSTN ISP Gate way PST G N ate way P Net riva te IP work PSTN Subscriber Service Datab ase Provider Billing Server Domain Application Server Broad band Mod em Subscriber Domain P...
Page 9 - Overview
gateways, etc. The default router in this case is the IP address of the LAN interface of the router itself. • Performs NAT on packets sent from the private network to the public network. This is an important feature such that recipients of the private packets will perceive them as originated from a ...
Page 11 - Servers; Proxy servers handle two functions:; Services; The following is a list of commonly supported phone services:
• The SIP signaling messages – The SIP messages exchanged between the SIP proxy server and the PHONE ADAPTER should be encrypted with a secret key. This can be achieved, for instance, by transporting SIP over TLS. • RTP packets – The RTP payload exchanged between SIP user agents can be encrypted wit...
Page 14 - Interworking
telephone number to forward calls to. The PHONE ADAPTER provides audio instructions to prompt the user for a forwarding number and confirms that the requested service has been activated. Call FWD – Unconditional All calls are immediately forwarded to the designated forwarding number. The PHONE ADAPT...
Page 15 - Network Address Translation (NAT) Traversal; Mapping
If the service provider is offering origination and/or termination on endpoint equipment then it is very likely that the softswitch chosen for network operations will support multiple PSTN and VoIP signaling protocols. The table below lists the most commonly accepted, de-facto standards used when im...
Page 16 - Voice Quality Overview
address/port to the corresponding private source address/port. These characteristics of a NAT can be exploited by an PHONE ADAPTER to let external entities send SIP messages and RTP packets to it when it is installed on a private network. 1.2.2. VoIP-NAT Interworking In the case of SIP, the addresse...
Page 17 - Hardware Overview
Several factors that contribute to Voice Quality are described below. Audio compression algorithm – Speech signals are sampled, quantized and compressed before they are packetized and transmitted to the other end. For IP Telephony, speech signals are usually sampled at 8000 samples per second with 1...
Page 18 - upports only one incoming line, the
Figure 2 – PAP2 Front Figure 3 – PAP2 Back Figure 3 – RT31P2 Front Figure 4 – RT31P2 Back The PAP2 PHONE ADAPTER has the following interfaces for networking, power and visual status indication: 1. Two (2) RJ-11 Type Analog Telephone Jack Interfaces (Figure 3 , above): These interfaces accept standar...
Page 19 - Phone Adapter LED Status
2.1. Phone Adapter LED Status LED Color(s) Activity Description Off Power OFF Blue On Power On / Device Ready Blue Blinking Booting / System Self-Test / Firmware upgrade Power Blue Red On POST (Power On Self Test) failure (not bootable) or Device malfunction Off No Connection on Ethernet Blue On Eth...
Page 20 - the cable to an analog telephone or fax machine.; Software Configuration Mechanisms
Please check to make sure that you have the following package contents: 1. Linksys Phone Adapter Unit or Linksys Broadband Router (RT31P2) 2. Ethernet Cable 3. 5 Volt (PAP2) or 12 Volt (RT31P2) Power Adapter 4. CD with User Guide You will also need: 1. One or Two Analog Touch Tone Telephones (or Fax...
Page 21 - Configuration Profile Formats
The PHONE ADAPTER also provides a Web Interface with two-level access (user-level and admin-level) to configuration parameters. For standalone PHONE ADAPTERS (which contain no router or NAT functionality), an IVR (Interactive Voice Response) interface is also available for configuring basic networki...
Page 23 - Using the Supplemental Profile Compiler; © 2004 Linksys Proprietary (See Copyright Notice on Page 2)
# The Phone Adapter1234.txt file above is equivalent to . . . Param1 “base value 1” ; Param2 “base value 2” ; . . . Param1 “new value overrides base” ; Param7 “particular value 7” ; . . . A sample plain-text file, containing default parameter-value and access settings for the PHONE ADAPTER can be ob...
Page 24 - Encrypting and Compressing XML configuration files
An encrypted CFG file requires either a password (or quoted pass-phrase) or a hex-string. The following lines illustrate command-line invocations for various combinations of keys and algorithms. spc –-rc4 –-ascii-key apple4sale pap2.txt pap2.cfg spc –-aes –-ascii-key lucky777 pap2.txt pap2.cfg spc –...
Page 25 - Secure Initial Configuration; and
This utility generates 8-bytes of salt (which is prepended to the encrypted configuration file), and then calculates an Initialization Vector (IV) and an 256-bit encryption key using the key phrase provided on the command line. The TA recognizes the leading characters "Salted__" as a hint to...
Page 26 - Interface; Web Interface Conventions; on any and
Within this directory, the Apache module mod_ssl verifies the client certificate, and verifies that the MAC address in the certificate corresponds the configuration file it is requesting. Either this directory must contain a configuration file, or a CGI application needs to generate the appropriate ...
Page 27 - Functional Configuration URLs; URL
NOTE : Pressing the “ Undo All Changes ” has no effect on the PHONE ADAPTER; it will only reset the values on the web page. 3.3.2. Administration Privileges The PHONE ADAPTER supports two levels of administration privileges: Administrator and User, both privileges can be password protected. Importan...
Page 32 - Configuration Parameters; Types
User Factory Reset of Unit WARNING: ALL “User-Changeable” NON-DEFAULT SETTINGS WILL BE LOST! This might include network and service provider data. 877778 Enter 1 to confirm Enter *(star) to cancel operation PHONE ADAPTER will prompt for confirmation. After confirming, you will hear “Option Successfu...
Page 33 - section; Example 2; FreqScript; Example 1
wildcard characters. It can contain up to 39 characters. Examples: “1408*, 1510*”, “1408123????, 555?1”. • RscTmplt – A template of SIP Response Status Code, such as “404, 5*”, “61?”, “407, 408, 487, 481”. It can contain up to 39 characters. • CadScript – A mini-script that specifies the cadence par...
Page 34 - ToneScript; similar to the S
Number of Frequencies = 2 Frequency 1 = 350 Hz at –19 dBm Frequency 2 = 440 Hz at –19 dBm • ToneScript – A mini-script that specifies the frequency, level and cadence parameters of a call progress tone. May contain up to 127 characters. Syntax: FreqScript;Z 1 [;Z 2 ]. The section Zi is similar to th...
Page 35 - ProvisioningRuleSyntax; Related
Segment 2: On=0.38s, Off=0s, with Frequency 2 Segment 3: On=0.38s, Off=0s, with Frequency 3 Segment 4: On=0s, Off=4s, with no frequency components Total Tone Length = 20s • ProvisioningRuleSyntax – Scripting syntax used to define configuration resync and firmware upgrade rules. Refer to the provisio...
Page 40 - Profile Example Scenarios:; Enterprise LAN with DHCP Supplied TFTP Server Name:
In addition, the contents of the general purpose parameters, GPP_A, through GPP_P, are available as macro variables A through P, respectively. A secondary set of general purpose parameters is also available for macro substitution, GPP_SA, GPP_SB, GPP_SC, GPP_SD, using the respective expressions SA, ...
Page 43 - Upgrade
Log Resync Request Msg Syslog message generated when attempting a resync ProfileMsg See provisioning discussion section Log Resync Success Msg Syslog message generated after a successful resync ProfileMsg See provisioning discussion section Log Resync Failure Msg Syslog message generated after a fai...
Page 44 - Upgrade Error Retry Delay:
The firmware file must be requested by the PHONE ADAPTER and cannot be pushed from an upgrade server (although a service provider can effectively push a new firmware load by triggering the request operation remotely via the CFG file). The functionality is controlled by the Upgrade_Enable parameter. ...
Page 47 - Basic Networking Configuration; Network Configuration
Protect IVR Factory Reset Bool No Admin Password The password for administrator Str63 User Password The password for User Str63 4.3. Basic Networking Configuration Configuration parameters in this list are used for setting up basic network connectivity. In general, many of these parameters are set a...
Page 48 - Basic Account Configuration; Proxy and Registration
- Parallel DNS query mode: PHONE ADAPTER will send the same request to all the DNS servers at the same time when doing a DNS lookup, the first incoming reply will be accepted by PHONE ADAPTER. - To log SIP messages, Debug Level must be set to at least 2. - If both Debug Server and Syslog Server are ...
Page 49 - Configuration for NAT Traversal
parameter is useful only if the primary and backup proxy server list is provided to the PHONE ADAPTER via DNS SRV record lookup on the server name. (Using multiple DNS A record per server name does not allow the notion of priority and so all hosts will be considered at the same priority and the PHON...
Page 51 - Media and SDP (Session Description Protocol) Configuration
Ext SIP Port External port to substitute for the actual SIP port of the unit in all outgoing SIP messages. If “0” is specified, no SIP port substitution is performed. Port 0 Ext RTP Port Min External port mapping of <RTP Port Min>. If this value is non-zero, the RTP port number in all outgoing...
Page 53 - Dynamic Payload Types and SDP Codec Names
FAX CED Detect Enable Enable detection of FAX tone. Bool Yes FAX CNG Detect Enable Bool Yes FAX Passthru Codec Codec to use for fax passthru {G711u, G711a} G711u FAX Codec Symmetric Force unit to use symmetric codec during FAX passthru Bool Yes FAX Passthru Method Choices: None / NSE / ReINVITE Choi...
Page 54 - Secure Media Implementation:
G726r40 Codec Name G726-40 Codec name used in SDP Str31 G726-40 G729a Codec Name G729a Codec name used in SDP Str31 G729a G729b Codec Name G729b Codec name used in SDP Str31 G729ab G723 Codec Name G723 Codec name used in SDP Str31 G723 Notes: 1. PHONE ADAPTER uses the configured codec names in its o...
Page 56 - Outbound Call Codec Selection Codes:; Prefer G711a Code Dialing code will make this codec the preferred
e3VgYxWCQNa335YCnDsenASeBxuMIEaBCYd1l1fVEodJZOGwXwfAde0MhcbD0kj7LVlzcsTyk2TZYTccnZ75TuTjj13qvYs= 5nEtOrkCa84/mEwl3D9tSvVLyliwQ+u/Hd+C8u5SNk7hsAUZaA9TqH8Iw0J/IqSrsf6scsmundY5j7Z5mK5J9uBxSB8t8vamFGD0pF4zhNtbrVvIXKI9kmp4vph1C5jzO9gDfs3MF+zjyYrVUFdM+pXtDBxmM+fGUfrpAuXb7/k= - user-name is the name of the...
Page 57 - Parameter Name
Prefer G723 Code Dialing code will make this codec the preferred codec for the associated call. ActCode *01723 Force G723 Code Dialing code will make this codec the only codec that can be used for the associated call. ActCode *02723 Prefer G726r16 Code Dialing code will make this codec the preferred...
Page 67 - Progress Tone and Ring Configuration; Distinctive Ring and Other Ring Settings
4.9. Progress Tone and Ring Configuration The progress tones and ring tones on the PHONE ADAPTER are extremely configurable. There are 18 configurable call progress tones, 8 configurable ringing cadences, and 8 configurable call waiting cadences. Progress tones and Ring cadences are configured using...
Page 79 - Expected Feature Behavior; Reference source not found.; Originating a Phone Call
5. Expected Feature Behavior The PHONE ADAPTER can be configured to the custom requirements of the service provider, so that from the subscriber’s point of view, the service behaves exactly as the service provider wishes – with varying degrees of control left with the end user. This means that a ser...
Page 81 - Waiting
effect for the duration of the current call. 5.5. Calling Line Identification Restriction (CLIR) – Caller ID Blocking Service Description This feature allows the user to block the delivery of their Caller ID to the number they are calling. This feature must be activated prior to dialing each call an...
Page 82 - Disable or Cancel Call Waiting
alerting them to the second call. The person calling will hear normal ringing. User Action Required to Deactivate or End See Cancel Call Waiting. 5.7. Disable or Cancel Call Waiting Service Description The PHONE ADAPTER supports disabling of call waiting permanently or on a per call basis. User Acti...
Page 86 - Calling
Expected Call and Network Behavior User Action Required to Deactivate or End Hang-up the telephone. 5.13. Three-Way Calling Service Description The user can originate a call to a 3rd party while engaging in an active call. User Action Required to Activate or Use Press the switch hook or flash button...
Page 87 - Return
Call the first party in the normal manner Follow the directions for adding a third party (see instructions above) Expected Call and Network Behavior The PHONE ADAPTER can host a 3-way conference and perform 3-way audio mixing (without the need of an external conference bridge device or service). If ...
Page 92 - Call Statistics Reporting; System Status
Expected Call and Network Behavior Pick up the receiver Listen for dial tone Press single digit code assigned to the stored number (2-9) Press # to signal dialing complete The number is automatically dialed normally. User Action Required to Deactivate or End None 6. Troubleshooting 6.1. Call Statist...
Page 93 - Enabling Logging and Debugging; Syslog_Server; Error and Log Reporting; Error Code
Prompt, Confirmation, or Message-Waiting Encoder Encoder in use: G711u, G711a, G726-16/24/32/40, G729a, or G729ab Decoder Decoder in use: G711u, G711a, G726-16/24/32/40, G729a, or G729ab FAX Indicate whether FAX pass-through mode has been initiated: Yes or No Type Indicate the call type: Inbound or ...
Page 94 - Dialed number invalid according to given dial plan; Provisioning and Upgrade result codes; = triggered from configured trigger or rule; Table of SIP Response Codes (Error Codes)
X40 General SIP Protocol Error (e.g., unacceptable codec in SDP in 200 and ACK messages, or times out while waiting for ACK) X60 Dialed number invalid according to given dial plan 6.5. Provisioning and Upgrade result codes The $PRVST and $UPGST macro variables expand to integer codes which report th...
Page 95 - Summary of Implemented Features and Specifications; Data Networking Features
410 Gone 412 Conditional Request Failed 413 Request Entity Too Large 414 Request-URI Too Long 415 Unsupported Media Type 416 Unsupported URI Scheme 420 Bad Extension 421 Extension Required 423 Interval Too Brief 429 Provide Referrer Identity 480 Temporarily Unavailable 481 Call/Transaction Does Not ...
Page 96 - Features; Codec Name Assignment
7.1.2. IPv4 – Internet Protocol Version 4 (RFC 791) upgradeable to v6 (RFC 1883) 7.1.3. ARP – Address Resolution Protocol 7.1.4. DNS – A Record (RFC 1706), SRV Record (RFC 2782) 7.1.5. DiffServ (RFC 2475) and ToS – Type of Service (RFC 791/1349) 7.1.6. DHCP Client – Dynamic Host Configuration Protoc...
Page 99 - Control
The PHONE ADAPTER can signal hook flash events to the remote party on a connected call. This feature can be used to provide advanced mid-call services with third-party-call-control. Depending on the features that the service provider will offer using third-party-call-control, the following three PHO...
Page 102 - ers; List of all configuration paramet
SAS Enable[2] = yes On PHONE ADAPTER 2: SAS Enable[1] = no MOH Server [1] = 1002 SAS Enable[2] = no MOH Server [2] = 1002 7.3. Security Features 7.3.1. Multiple Administration Layers (Levels and Permissions) 7.3.2. HTTP Digest – Encrypted Authentication via MD5 (RFC 1321) dministration and Maintenan...