Siemens SPD4home - User Manual

5 Electric Power Power, originating at a power generating plant, is distributed to residential, commercial, and industrial customers through various transmission lines and substations. Power Sources There are several energy sources used to produce electrical power. For example, coal, oil, and uraniu...

6 Hydroelectric Power Hydroelectric power plants use mechanical energy from falling water to turn a generator. Newer Renewable Energy Of the power generation approaches discussed so far, only Sources hydroelectric power is a renewable energy source. Hydroelectric power has been around from the earli...

7 If you track the rotation of the AC generator through a complete revolution of 360°, you would see that, during the first quarter of a revolution, voltage increases until it reaches a maximum positive value at 90°. Voltage decreases during the second quarter of a revolution until it reaches zero a...

8 Transformers Once the electrical energy gets near the end user, the utility steps down the voltage to the level needed by the user. The device that utilities use to step up the voltage at the generator end and step down the voltage at the user end is called a transformer. The transformer transfers...

9 Three-Phase Transformers Transformers used with three-phase power require three interconnected coils in both the primary and the secondary. These transformers can be connected in either a wye or a delta configuration. The type of transformer and the actual voltage depend on the requirements of the...

0 Residential Applications Power, generated at a power plant and stepped up to a high transmission voltage, is brought to a local substation. Here, it is stepped down to a lower distribution voltage. When it reaches its final destination at a residential customer, it is stepped down to 240 volts. On...

Siemens Generators Although the power from electric companies is usually reliable enough for residential applications, many homeowners and businesses desire standby or portable generators. Siemens generators are designed for quiet and reliable operation. Siemens offers generators in a range of capac...

2 Meter Mains and Meter Meter mains and meter load center combinations are Load Center Combinations similar. Meter mains incorporate space for a watt-hour meter and a main service disconnect within the same enclosure. Meter load center combinations incorporate space for a watt-hour meter and circuit...

5 AFCI Circuit Breaker Arc faults are electrical arcs which result when current flows in unintended ways, but, in residential applications, often not in sufficient amounts to cause a standard circuit breaker to trip. Arc faults in residential applications typically result from worn or damaged insula...

6 Point of Entry Surge Siemens residential products include devices intended to Protection minimize damage from electrical surges. For example, Siemens Circuit Breaker and SPD replaces two full-size, -pole circuit breakers and provides surge protection for all branch circuits. Circuit Breaker and SP...

7 Special Application Panels Siemens Generator Ready Load Center is a UL listed 200 A, 30 circuit, 42 space indoor load center that provides an effective solution for implementing generator backup of critical circuits. Both main lug only and main breaker versions are available. Main Breaker Automati...

8 Enclosed Circuit Breakers Siemens manufactures circuit breaker enclosures and and Disconnects fused, non-fused, and molded case switch disconnects. Enclosed circuit breakers and disconnects provide a convenient means of disconnecting power to allow for the maintenance of equipment, such as an air ...

9 Review 1 . ________ incorporate space for a watt-hour meter and a main service disconnect in the same enclosure. 2. _________ and _________ provide enclosure options for the multiple watt-hour meters required in multiple family dwellings. 3. Siemens PL and ES load centers have continuous current r...

20 Commercial Applications Commercial applications range from small offices and stores to larger complexes such as hotels, office buildings, and shopping malls. These applications differ in the amount of electrical energy required. Small, single-tenant office buildings, for example, have very limite...

22 The Busway Advantage A major advantage of busway is the ease in which buswaysections are connected together. Electrical power can be supplied to any area of a building by connecting standard lengths of busway. It typically takes less labor to install or change a busway system than cable and condu...

23 Panelboard Construction The load centers discussed previously in this course are panelboards designed for residential or light commercial applications. Panelboards used in most commercial applications, however, are generally more rugged in construction and able to handle larger amounts of current...

24 The P3 panel is also a flexible and innovative panel. P3 panels are sized more like a lighting and appliance panel for those tight areas, but able to handle many power distribution panel applications. P3 panels are available with continuous current ratings up to 800 amps for main lug only panels ...

25 Switchboard Construction Switchboards typically consist of a service section with a main circuit breaker or main fusible switch and one or more distribution sections. The service section can be fed directly from the utility transformer. In addition to the main disconnect, the service section usua...

26 Integrated Power System The modular design of Siemens Integrated Power System (IPS) Switchboard (IPS) switchboard allows the customer to integrate electrical distribution equipment, power monitoring, and environmental controls that typically mount in multiple enclosures into one switchboard line-...

28 Panelboard Example When deciding between a panelboard and a switchboard in commercial applications, it is not always clear which product you should chose. In the following small commercial application example, up to 200 amps at 480 volts is supplied by the utility to a power panelboard. Multiple ...

3 Another category of large circuit breakers is the low voltage (LV) power circuit breaker. LV power circuit breakers are generally drawout mounted and may be used in switchboards or switchgear. LV power circuit breakers intended for use in the United States conform to IEEE standards (C37.3, C37.6, ...

32 HCP Fusible Switches Siemens high contact pressure (HCP) fusible switch is another device that can be used as a disconnect device in panelboards and switchboards. Visible contacts provide a visual indication concerning the state of the switch before servicing. HCP fusible switches are available w...

33 Transient Protection System Many types of equipment, especially computers and office (TPS3) equipment, are susceptible to the high energy levels associated with electrical surges, which can be caused by lightning or electrical equipment operation. Any component between the source of the surge and...

35 Motor Starters Although safety switches can be used to start and stop motors, many motor applications require the use of remote control devices to start and stop the motor. Motor starters are commonly used to provide this function. In addition, some motor starters have multi-speed and reversing c...

36 Review 2 . Siemens P panelboards are available with current ratings up to ______ amps. 2. Siemens P5 panelboards are available with continuous current ratings up to _______ amps for main breaker, main switch, and main lug only panels. 3. Siemens SB switchboards have through bus ratings up to ____...

37 Industrial Applications Voltage Classes The power distribution equipment discussed thus far is often referred to as low voltage equipment, but there are different definitions for low voltage and other voltage classes. For the purposes of this discussion of power distribution equipment, low voltag...

38 Switchgear The term switchgear is used to describe a compartmentalized system of coordinated devices used for power distribution control and circuit protection. Essentially, switchgear performs the same function as the switchboards previously described, but different standards dictate the design ...

40 Secondary Unit Substations Some customers require an integrated assembly, called a secondary unit substation, to provide electrical service to a facility. A secondary unit substation consists of a primary switch and one or more transformers mechanically and electrically connected to switchboard o...

4 Large Industrial Facility Even in large industrial facilities, supply voltage must be Power Distribution Example reduced to a level that can be used by most electrical equipment. While some machines require voltages above 480 volts, most factories use AC motors, drives, motor control centers, and ...

42 Busway Busway is widely used in industrial applications to distribute power. There are different types of busway, however. Feeder busway is used to conduct feeder current to loads that are sometimes remote from the power source. Plug-in busway, on the other hand, incorporates plug-in units, calle...

43 Siemens Busway Siemens manufactures a variety of busway types to meet varied application requirements. SENTRON Busway is a flexible power distribution solution with an easy-to-install single bolt joint stack design, optional 200% neutral or isolated ground, and ratings from 225 to 5000 amps. XJ-L...

44 Manufacturing Applications Thus far, this course has primarily centered on Siemens products used to distribute power throughout residential, commercial, and industrial applications. In all these applications, this electrical energy is also used for lighting, heating, air conditioning, office equi...

46 Discrete Parts Manufacturing Manufacturing discrete parts typically requires the use of multiple machines. Machines are used to move and store raw materials, transform raw materials into finished parts, package and store parts, prepare parts for shipment, and a host of related activities. Totally...

47 Input Devices The PLC receives signals from various switches and sensors in the controlled machine or related equipment. Many of these signals are on/off type conditions, also called discrete or digital signals. In some cases, the signals come from manual devices such as pushbuttons and selector ...

48 SIRIUS Modular System Siemens manufactures an extensive array of components and systems that can be utilized for machine control applications. One such system is the SIRIUS modular system of industrial controls which incorporates components in each of the following categories: switching, protecti...

50 As the S7-200 PLC executes its control program, it receives inputs from manual switches mounted on the front of the panel. It also communicates with a SIMATIC HMI operator panel that provides for manual inputs from the machine operator or maintenance person and displays alphanumeric messages indi...

5 Operator Panel Machine Control Panel SIMATIC S7 PLC Servo Motors Servo Drive Review 4 . An example of a device that might be controlled by a PLC discrete output is a ____________. a. limit switch b. relay c. proximity switch d. selector switch 2. The ________ modular system of industrial controls ...

52 Assembly Processes Assembly processes may involve assembling an entire system or subsystem at one location. In many cases, however, parts are mounted sequentially through a series of assembly stations. Units being assembled are moved from station to station via some type of transporter mechanism,...

53 NEMA Motor IEC Motor Motor Control Wherever motors are used, they must be controlled. The most basic type of AC motor control involves turning the motor on and off. This is often accomplished by using a motor starter made up of a contactor and an overload relay. In the example shown in the follow...

54 An MCC is a sectionalized structure with control components for each motor mounted in a removable container called a pan or bucket. In addition to combination motor control units, motor control centers can also include items such as reduced-voltage starters, variable speed drives, and PLCs. Sieme...

55 DEVICE BUSGEN. FAULT TEST/ RESET PROFIBUS DP SIMOCODE PRO V READY DM 24V MO READY TM DEVICE BUS GEN. FAULT 0 SIMOCODE PRO lmax UL1 Cos Phi P 30.25A/10T Menu 22.68A 329V 72% 15.700 kW SIMOCODE pro V SIRIUS 3R Reduced Voltage While it is common to turn motors on and off instantaneously, Starters th...

56 Low Voltage AC Drives Each of these classes is further divided. For example, Siemens low voltage AC drives include general purpose drives, general purpose enclosed drives, high-performance drives, and high-performance enclosed drives. The complete list of Siemens low voltage AC drives is far too ...

58 Identification Systems Assembly applications frequently require identification of objects used or manufactured. This is accomplished by systems that read codes, optical characters, or radio frequency identification (RFID) tags associated with these objects. Siemens hand-held and stationary code r...

60 TIA Portal Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) is an innovative engineering framework that unifies multiple automation tools into a single, intuitive development environment, enabling controller programming, HMI screen design, and other automation tasks to be performed using a simil...

62 The Siemens SIMATIC NET product family includes a range of SCALANCE X Industrial Ethernet switches to fit varied requirements from localized to plant-wide networks. Siemens also offers an extensive array of devices for interconnecting network components via twisted-pair cable, optical fiber, or w...

64 SIMATIC IT Manufacturing There are a variety of manufacturing information technology (IT) Execution System systems. For example, manufacturing facilities have long used Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems to manage the flow of materials associated with manufacturing processes. In recent ye...

65 Batch and Continuous Processes Thus far, we have discussed equipment used in discrete parts manufacturing or assembly applications. In addition to these types of manufacturing processes, electrical equipment is also used to manufacture a variety of products using batch or continuous processes. Ba...

66 Continuous Processes Continuous processes are less understood by most people; however, they have some similarities to batch processes. Ingredients must be combined in precise ways at precise points in the process. Precise control of process conditions must be maintained to ensure product quality ...

67 Process Instrumentation Because process types and requirements vary widely, many types of sensors, transmitters, actuators, and other devices are used for process measurement and control. The following product families are examples of the types of process instrumentation products Siemens offers. ...

69 Traditionally, medium to large process applications have been controlled by a distributed control system (DCS) that is based on proprietary hardware and software that often do not integrate well with other systems. By comparison, Siemens SIMATIC PCS 7 uses a more flexible approach. SIMATIC PCS7 u...

70 Review 6 . _______ control involves measuring a value, comparing the measured value to a desired value, and correcting for the error. 2. _______ products provide a range of instruments for measuring relative, differential, and absolute pressure. 3. _______ is a scalable, Windows-based process vis...

7 Pictorial Glossary The pictorial glossary includes definitions and illustrations for many terms that are frequently used in the electrical industry. Terms that are underlined and italicized are included in the glossary as a separate definition. AC Drive An electronic device used to control the spe...

73 Analog Output An output from a system that can continuously vary over a range of current or voltage such as 4 to 20 milliamps or 0 to 0 volts. Transducer Transmitter Controller Analog Output Common Analog Values 0 to 10 VDC 4 to 20 mA Meter Apparent Power The vector sum of true power and reactive...

74 Arc Fault Circuit A circuit breaker designed to provide protection from the Interrupter (AFCI) effects of an arc fault by recognizing the characteristics unique to arcing and de-energizing the circuit when an arc fault is detected. The most effective AFCI circuit breakers are combination AFCIs wh...

75 Binary Number A number made up only of ’s and 0’s that represent powers of two (2). Digital equipment uses binary numbers to represent numerical values and the on or off condition of devices. 32 16 0 Most Significant Bit (MSB) 2 7 2 6 2 5 2 4 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 0 Least Significant Bit (LSB) 1 1 1 0 0 ...

76 Bus Bar A conductor that serves as a common connection for two or more circuits. Bus Bars Bus Plug A device used with plug-in busway to provide power connections close to the intended load. Bus Plug Busway A prefabricated electrical distribution system that uses bus bars in a protective enclosure...

77 Capacitance The property of a circuit or device that allows it to store an electrical charge. The symbol for capacitance is “C.” The unit for capacitance is the farad . Capacitive Proximity Switch A type of sensing switch that produces an electrostatic field to detect the presence of an object wi...

78 Circuit Breaker A device that can be used to open or close a circuit manually and also opens a circuit automatically when it senses an overcurrent . O N O F F l O 100 100 Amp Type/Tipo NEG Frame-EG Closed-Loop Control A control technique that compares a feedback signal representative of an actual...

79 Control Relay Often refers to a device with contacts that open and close electromagnetically, but solid state control relays are also available. Control relays typically handle smaller currents than contactors, but are capable of switching more rapidly. Single-Pole Single-Throw Single-Break Circu...

80 DC Drive An electronic device used to control the speed of a DC motor . The term variable speed drive applies to both DC Drives and AC Drives . SINAMICS DC Master Drives DC Motor A motor that converts direct current electrical energy into mechanical energy. Dead Front A front portion of a panelbo...

8 DIN Rail A mounting bracket manufactured to German Institute for Standardization (DIN) specifications. Typically used to mount devices such as small PLCs , motor starters , control relays , power supplies, and other components that are DIN rail compatible. DIN Rail Diode A component with two termi...

85 Ground A connection to the earth or to a conductive object such as an equipment chassis. Service Entrance Load Center Transformer Secondary Neutral Bonded to Enclosure Grounding Electrode Conductor Grounding Electrode Neutral Ground Fault A condition in which current takes an unintentional path t...

90 Limit Switch A type of switch that opens or closes its contacts when its actuator is moved by an object. Target Operating Head Actuator Switch Body Load Center An industry term used to identify a lighting and appliance panelboard designed for use in residential and light commercial applications. ...

9 Main Breaker The circuit breaker in or upstream from a load center , panelboard , switchboard , switchgear or other equipment that supplies the full current for that equipment. Main Breaker Main Lug Only A designation given to indicate that a main breaker or main switch is not included. Main Lugs ...

92 Molded Case Circuit Breaker A circuit breaker enclosed in an insulated housing. In the United States, molded case circuit breakers conform to NEMA AB- and UL 489 specifications. ON OFF O 800A I Type/Typo NMG ! ! ! DANGER DANGER PELIGRO Frame MG 150A OFF O I ON Type/Tipo NDG Frame DG 150A OFF O I ...

94 NEMA Frame Size A designation that identifies motor dimensions based upon standards provided by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association . Motors too large to correspond to NEMA frame sizes are referred to as above NEMA motors. NEMA Motor Design A letter designation based upon standards ...

95 Ohm’s Law A law that states that the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance . I = ER E = Electromotive Force (Voltage) in Volts R = Resistance in Ohms I = Current in Amperes (Amps) Open Drip Proof (ODP) A motor enclosure type that...

96 Overload Relay Class Defines the length of time an overload condition can exist before an overload relay trips. For example, a class 0 overload relay allows 600% of full load amperes for up to 0 seconds. 1 Sec 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 Multiples of Overload Current 2 Sec 4 Sec 10 Sec 20 Sec 30 Sec 1 Min 2 M...

97 Pilot Light An indicator light typically used to represent a condition in a machine or process. RUN Pilot Light is On Motor Running Motor Stopped STOP Pilot Light is On PLC Scan A complete execution cycle of a programmable logic controller . The PLC scan involves updating the status of inputs, ex...

02 Sensing Switch A device, sometimes called a sensor, that turns on or off to indicate presence or absence of an object or material. Examples include limit switches and photoelectric , inductive , capacitive , and sonar proximity switches . Service Entrance The place where power cables enter a buil...

04 Single Quadrant Operation Describes the operation of a variable speed drive that can provide torque to drive the motor, but cannot provide braking torque. Slip The difference between the synchronous speed of a three-phase induction motor and the rotor speed. Slip is often expressed as a percentag...

06 Step-up Transformer A transformer with fewer turns of wire in its primary coil than in its secondary coil. The step-up transformer is used to step up the primary voltage to a higher secondary voltage. 1:2 120 VAC I = 10 amps Primary Coil 900 Turns Secondary Coil 1800 Turns V load = 240 VAC I load...

07 Synchronous Speed The speed of the rotating magnetic field in a three-phase motor. Synchronous speed is determined by the line frequency and the number of motor poles. Synchronous Speed (Ns) = f = frequency P = number of poles 120f P Thermal-Magnetic Used to describe a device that uses both heat ...

08 Torque A turning or twisting force. Since torque is expressed as a force times the length of the radius at which the force is measured, torque is represented in compound units such as pound-feet (lb.-ft.) Distance Force Totally Enclosed A motor enclosure type that restricts the flow of air into o...

Review Answers Review 1 ) Meter mains; 2) Uni-Pak meter centers, Power Mod with QuickSystem modular metering; 3) 00, 225; 4) combination;5) SPD. Review 2 ) 400; 2) 200; 3) 2000; 4) IPS; 5) VL; 6) WL; 7). general, heavy, double throw. Review 3 ) GM-SG; 2) four; 3) secondary unit substation; 4) Feeder...

2 Final Exam Instructions Before taking the final exam, it is recommended that you delete the temporary internet files from your computer’s web browser. For most versions of Internet Explorer, you can do this by selecting Internet Options from the Tools menu and then clicking on the Delete Files but...