Sharp EL-W516XBSL - User Manual

PRINTED IN CHINA / IMPRIMÉ EN CHINE / IMPRESO EN CHINA

07HGK (TINSE1307EHZZ)

INTRODUCTION

Thank you for purchasing the SHARP Scientifi c Calculator
Model EL-W506/W516/W546.

About the

calculation examples (including some formulas

and tables)

, refer to the

calculation example

sheet.

Refer to

the number on the right of each title in the manual for use.

After reading this manual, store it in a convenient location for
future reference.

Notes:

• Some of the models described in this manual may not be

available in some countries.

• This product uses a period as a decimal point.

Operational Notes

• Do not carry the calculator around in your back pocket, as it

may break when you sit down. The display is made of glass
and is particularly fragile.

• Keep the calculator away from extreme heat such as on a

car dashboard or near a heater, and avoid exposing it to
excessively humid or dusty environments.

• Since this product is not waterproof, do not use it or store

it where fl uids, for example water, can splash onto it.
Raindrops, water spray, juice, coffee, steam, perspiration,
etc. will also cause malfunction.

• Clean with a soft, dry cloth. Do not use solvents or a wet cloth.

• Do not drop it or apply excessive force.

• Never dispose of batteries in a fi re.

• Keep batteries out of the reach of children.

• For the sake of your health, try not to use this product for

long periods of time. If you need to use the product for an
extended period, be sure to allow your eyes, hands, arms,
and body adequate rest periods (about 10–15 minutes
every hour).
If you experience any pain or fatigue while using this
product, discontinue use immediately. If the discomfort
continues, please consult a doctor.

• This product, including accessories, may change due to

upgrading without prior notice.

NOTICE

• SHARP strongly recommends that separate permanent

written records be kept of all important data. Data may be
lost or altered in virtually any electronic memory product
under certain circumstances. Therefore, SHARP assumes
no responsibility for data lost or otherwise rendered
unusable whether as a result of improper use, repairs,
defects, battery replacement, use after the specifi ed
battery life has expired, or any other cause.

• SHARP will not be liable nor responsible for any incidental

or consequential economic or property damage caused
by misuse and/or malfunctions of this product and its
peripherals, unless such liability is acknowledged by law.

♦

Press the RESET switch (on the back), with the tip of a

ball-point pen or similar object, only in the following cases:

• When using for the fi rst time

• After replacing the battery

• To clear all memory contents

• When an abnormal condition occurs and all keys are

inoperative

Do not use an object with a breakable or sharp tip. Note that

pressing the RESET switch erases all data stored in memory.

If service should be required on this calculator, use only a
SHARP servicing dealer, SHARP approved service facility, or
SHARP repair service where available.

Hard Case

Remove the hard case, holding it with your fi ngers in the
positions shown below.

DISPLAY

Dot
matrix
display

Symbol

Mantissa

Exponent

• During actual use, not all symbols are displayed at the same time.

• Only the symbols required for the usage currently being explained

are shown in the display and calculation examples in this manual.

/
/

:

Indicates that some contents are hidden in the
directions shown.

2ndF

: Appears

when

@

is pressed, indicating that the

functions shown in orange are enabled.

HYP

: Indicates

that

H

has been pressed and the

hyperbolic functions are enabled. If

@

>

is

pressed, the symbols

2ndF HYP

appear, indicating that

inverse hyperbolic functions are enabled.

ALPHA

: Indicates that

;

,

x

or

t

has been pressed,

and entry (recall) of memory contents and recall of
statistics can be performed.

DEG/RAD/GRAD

: Indicates angular units.

BUSY

: Appears during the execution of a calculation.

W-VIEW

: Indicates that the WriteView editor is selected.

M

:

Indicates that a numerical value is stored in the
independent memory (M).

/

: Indicates the mode of expression for results in CPLX mode.

ENG/SCI/FIX/N2/N1

: Indicates the notation used to display a

value and changes by SET UP menu.

N1

is displayed

on-screen as “NORM1”, and

N2

as “NORM2”.

BEFORE USING THE CALCULATOR

When using for the fi rst time, press the RESET switch (on the
back), with the tip of a ball-point pen or similar object.

Adjusting the Display Contrast

Press

@

J

3

, then

+

or

&

to adjust the

contrast. Press

j

to exit.

Power On and Off

Press

j

to turn the calculator on. The data that was on-

screen when the power was turned off will appear on the display.

Press

@

o

to turn the calculator off.

Key Notations Used in this Manual

In this manual, key operations are described as follows:

To specify

e

x

:

@

"

To specify ln:

i

To specify E:

;

E

• Functions that are printed in orange above the key require

@

to be pressed fi rst before the key. When you specify the

memory, press

;

fi rst. Numbers for input values are not

shown as keys, but as ordinary numbers.

• Functions that are printed in gray adjacent to the keys are

effective in specifi c modes.

• The multiplication operator “

×

” is differentiated from the letter

“X” in this manual as follows:

To specify the multiplication operator:

k

To specify the letter “X”:

;

X

The WriteView and Line Editors

This calculator has the following two editors in NORMAL mode:
WriteView and Line. You can select between them in the SET UP
menu.

The WriteView editor (default)

The Line editor

Notes:

• The WriteView Editor is only available in NORMAL mode.

• In certain calculation examples, where you see the

o

symbol, the key operations and calculation results are shown
as they would appear in the Line editor.

Clearing the Entry and Memories

Operation

Entry

(Display)

A–F,

M, X, Y*

1

F1–F4,

D1–D4*

2

ANS STAT*

3

matA–D*

4

L1–L4*

5

j

○

×

×

×

×

×

@

Z

○

×

×

○

○

○

Mode selection (

b

)

○

×

×

×

×

*

6

○

@

P

0

*

7

○

×

×

×

×

×

@

P

1

0

*

7

○

○

○

○

○

○

@

P

2

0

*

7,

*

8

○

○

○

○

○

○

RESET switch*

8

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

: Clear

×

: Retain

*1 Press

j

x

and then choose a memory to clear one

variable memory.

*2 Formula memories and defi nable memories. See “Memory

Calculations”.

*3 Statistical data (entered data)

*4 Matrix memories (matA, matB, matC, and matD)

*5 List memories (L1, L2, L3, and L4)

*6 Cleared when changing between sub-modes in STAT mode.

*7 See “Memory clear key”.

*8 The username you stored using the name display function will

be cleared as well.

Memory clear key

Press

@

P

to display the menu.

• To initialize the display settings,

press

0

. The parameters are

set as follows:

• Angular unit: DEG

• Display notation: NORM1

• N-base: DEC

• To clear all variables and memories (A−F, M, X, Y, F1−F4, D1−D4,

ANS, STAT, matA−D, and L1−L4) at once, press

1

0

.

• To RESET the calculator, press

2

0

. The RESET

operation will erase all data stored in memory and restore
the calculator’s default settings. You can do the same thing by
pressing the RESET switch on the back of the calculator.

Mode Selection

→

d

NORMAL mode:

b

0

(default)

Used to perform arithmetic operations and function calculations.

STAT mode:

b

1

Used to perform statistical operations.

DRILL mode:

b

2

Used to practice math and multiplication table drills.

CPLX mode:

b

3

Used to perform complex number calculations.

MATRIX mode:

b

4

Used to perform matrix calculations.

LIST mode:

b

5

Used to perform list calculations.

EQUATION mode:

b

6

Used to solve equations.

SET UP Menu

Press

@

J

to display the

SET UP menu.

Press

j

to exit the SET UP menu.

Determination of the angular unit

The following three angular units (degrees, radians, and grads)
can be specifi ed.

DEG (°):

@

J

0

0

(default)

RAD (rad):

@

J

0

1

GRAD (g):

@

J

0

2

Selecting the display notation and decimal places

1

Five display notation systems are used to display calculation
results: Two settings of Floating point (NORM1 and NORM2),
Fixed decimal point (FIX), Scientifi c notation (SCI), and
Engineering notation (ENG).

• When

@

J

1

0

(FIX) or

@

J

1

2

(ENG) is pressed, “TAB(0–9)?” will be displayed and the number
of decimal places (TAB) can be set to any value between 0 and 9.

• When

@

J

1

1

(SCI) is pressed, “SIG(0–9)?” will

be displayed and the number of signifi cant digits can be set to
any value between 0 and 9. Entering 0 will set a 10-digit display.

Setting the fl oating point number system in scientifi c notation

Two settings are used to display a fl oating-point number: NORM1
(the default) and NORM2. A number is automatically displayed in
scientifi c notation outside a preset range:

• NORM1 (

@

J

1

3

): 0.000000001

≤

| x |

≤

9,999,999,999

• NORM2 (

@

J

1

4

): 0.01

≤

| x |

≤

9,999,999,999

Selecting the editor

Two editors are available in NORMAL mode:

• The WriteView editor (W-VIEW):

@

J

2

0

(default)

• The Line editor (LINE):

@

J

2

1

Note: Any entries will be cleared when you change the editor.

Adjusting the display contrast

Press

@

J

3

, then

+

or

&

to adjust the contrast.

Press

j

to exit.

Insert and overwrite entry methods

When using the Line editor, you can change the entry method
from “INSERT” (the default) to “OVERWRITE”.

After you switch to the overwrite method (by pressing

@

J

4

1

), the triangular cursor will change to a rectangular

one, and the number or function underneath it will be overwritten
as you make entries.

Name display function

You can save a username in this calculator. When you turn the
power off, the saved username is displayed momentarily.

Up to 32 characters may be saved, split over two lines.

Entering and editing the username:

1. Press

@

J

5

. The

editing screen appears with a
fl ashing cursor.

2. Use

u

and

d

to scroll

through the available characters. The following characters
can be entered (listed in the order that they appear):

Letters (A to Z, uppercase only), numbers (0 to 9), slash (/),
hyphen (-), colon (:), apostrophe (’), comma (,), period (.),
and space ( ).

Press

@

u

to jump to “A”, and press

@

d

or

j

to jump to the space.

3. Pressing

l

or

r

moves the cursor to the left or right.

To modify a character, use

l

or

r

to move the

cursor to the character, then select another character using

u

or

d

.

Press

@

l

or

@

r

to jump to the beginning of

the fi rst line or the end of the second.

4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 above to continue entering characters.

5. Press

=

to save.

Note: Press

@

Z

in the editing screen to clear all the

characters.

ENTERING, DISPLAYING, AND EDITING THE EQUATION

2

The WriteView Editor

Entry and display

In the WriteView editor, you can
enter and display fractions or certain
functions as you would write them.

Notes:

• The WriteView editor can only be used in NORMAL mode.

• If the equation grows too large, it may extend off the edge of the

display after you obtain the result. If you want to see the entire
equation, press

l

or

r

to return to the editing screen.

Displaying calculation results

When possible, calculation results will be displayed using
fractions,

r

, and

π

. When you press

U

, the display will

cycle through the following display styles:

• Mixed fractions (with or without

π

)

improper fractions

(with or without

π

)

decimal numbers

• Proper fractions (with or without

π

)

decimal numbers

• Irrational numbers (square roots, fractions made using

square roots)

decimal numbers

Notes:

• In the following cases, calculation results may be displayed

using

r

:

• Arithmetic operations and memory calculations

• Trigonometric calculations

• In trigonometric calculations,

when entering values such as
those in the table to the right,
results may be shown using

r

.

• Calculation results may extend

off the edges of the screen. You can see those parts by
pressing

l

or

r

(depending on whether the left or

right portion is hidden).

• Improper/proper fractions will be converted to and displayed

as decimal numbers if the number of digits used in their
expression is greater than nine. In the case of mixed
fractions, the maximum number of displayable digits
(including integers) is eight.

• If the number of digits in the denominator of a fractional

result that uses

π

is greater than three, the result is

converted to and displayed as a decimal number.

The Line Editor

Entry and display

In the Line editor, you can enter
and display equations line by line.

Notes:

• Up to three lines of text may be

viewed on the screen at one time.

• If the length of the equation exceeds three lines, parts of it

may be hidden from view after calculation. If you want to see
the rest of the equation, press

l

or

r

to return to the

editing screen.

• In the Line editor, calculation results are displayed in

decimal form or line fraction notation if possible.

Editing the Equation

Just after obtaining an answer, pressing

l

brings you to

the end of the equation and pressing

r

brings you to the

beginning. Press

l

,

r

,

u

, or

d

to move the

cursor. Press

@

l

or

@

r

to jump the cursor to

the beginning or the end of the equation.

In the WriteView editor, you can use

u

and

d

to

move the cursor up and down—between the numerator and
denominator, for example.

Back space and delete key

To delete a number or function, move the cursor to the right of
it, then press

N

. You can also delete a number or function

that the cursor is directly over by pressing

@

y

.

The MATH Menu

Other functions may be available on this calculator besides
those printed on the key pad. These functions are accessed
using the MATH menu. The MATH menu has different contents
for each mode.

Press

N

to display the MATH

menu. For example, in NORMAL
mode, you can call the functions
shown on the right.

Notes:

• When

the or symbols are displayed, you can use

u

or

d

to display any hidden menu items.

•

N

does not function when entering values or items in

STAT, MATRIX, LIST, or EQUATION modes, or into solver
functions or simulation calculations.

The CATALOG Menu

Using the CATALOG menu, you can select functions and
variables that are available for what you are doing in the
currently selected mode. To display the CATALOG menu,
press

N

0

.

• Press

u

or

d

to move the cursor ( ) and press

e

to select.

• Press

l

or

r

to scroll up or down.

• Press

@

u

or

@

d

to jump to the fi rst or last item.

Note: You cannot bring up the CATALOG menu when entering

values or items in STAT, MATRIX, LIST, or EQUATION
modes, or into solver functions or simulation calculations.

Multi-line Playback Function

3

This calculator is equipped with a function to recall previous
equations and answers in NORMAL or CPLX modes. A
maximum of 340 characters can be stored in memory. When
the memory is full, stored equations will be deleted to make
room, starting with the oldest.

Pressing

u

will display the previous equation. Further

pressing

u

will display preceding equations (after returning

to the previous equation, press

d

to view equations in

order). In addition,

@

u

can be used to jump to the

oldest equation, and

@

d

to jump to the newest one.

• To edit an equation after recalling it, press

l

or

r

.

• The multi-line memory will be cleared by the following

operations:

@

Z

, mode change, RESET, N-base conversion,

angular unit conversion, editor change (

@

J

2

0

or

@

J

2

1

), and memory clear (

@

P

1

0

).

• Equations that have one result require an additional eleven

characters’ worth of memory to store in order to hold the result.

• In addition to the amount of memory needed to store an

equation, the WriteView editor will require a certain amount
for the sake of display.

• Equations also include calculation ending instructions, such

as “

=

”.

Priority Levels in Calculation

This calculator performs operations according to the following
priority:

①

Fractions (1

m

4, etc.)

②

∠

, Engineering prefi xes

③

Functions preceded by their argument (

x

−

1

,

x

2

, n!, etc.)

④

y

x

,

x

r

⑤

Implied multiplication of a memory value (2Y, etc.)

⑥

Functions followed by their argument (sin, cos, (

−

), etc.)

⑦

Implied multiplication of a function (2sin 30, A

1

⎯

4

, etc.)

⑧

nCr,

nPr,

cv

⑨

×

,

÷

⑩

+

,

−

⑪

AND

⑫

OR, XOR, XNOR

⑬

=

,

M

+

, M

−

,

⇒

M,

▶

DEG,

▶

RAD,

▶

GRAD, DATA,

r

θ

,

xy

, and

other calculation ending instructions

• If parentheses are used, parenthesized calculations have

precedence over any other calculations.

SCIENTIFIC CALCULATIONS

• Press

b

0

to select NORMAL mode.

• In each example, press

j

to clear the display fi rst. Unless

otherwise specifi ed, calculation examples are performed in
the WriteView editor (

@

J

2

0

) with the default

display settings (

@

P

0

).

Arithmetic Operations

4

• The closing parenthesis

)

just before

=

or

m

may be omitted.

Constant Calculations

5

• In constant calculations, the addend becomes a constant.

Subtraction and division are performed in the same manner.
For multiplication, the multiplicand becomes a constant.

• In constant calculations, constants will be displayed as K.

• Constant calculations can be perfomed in NORMAL or STAT

modes.

Functions

6

• Refer to the calculation examples for each function.

• In the Line editor, the following symbols are used:

•

: to indicate an expression’s power. (

m

,

@

"

,

@

Y

)

•

: to separate integers, numerators, and denominators.

(

W

,

@

k

)

• When using

@

O

or

@

W

in the Line editor,

values are entered in the following way:

• logn (

base

,

value

)

• abs

value

Integral/Differential Functions

7

Integral and differential calculations can be performed in
NORMAL mode.

Note: Since integral and differential calculations are performed

based on the following equations, correct results may
not be obtained, in certain rare cases, when performing
special calculations that contain discontinuous points.

Integral calculation (Simpson’s rule):

( )

h

=

b

−

a

⎯

N

a

≤

x

≤

b

N

=

2

n

S

=

1

⎯

3

h

{

f

(

a

)

+

4{

f

(

a

+

h

)

+

f

(

a

+

3

h

)

+

...

+

f

(

a

+

(N

−

1)

h

)}

+

2{

f

(

a

+

2

h

)

+

f

(

a

+

4

h

)

+

...

+

f

(

a

+

(N

−

2)

h

)}

+

f

(

b

)}

Differential calculation:

f´

(

x

)

=

f

(

x

+

dx

⎯

2

)

−

f

(

x

−

dx

⎯

2

)

—

dx

Performing integral calculations

1. Press

F

.

2. Specify the following parameters: range of integral (initial

value (

a)

, end value (

b

)), function with variable

x

, and number

of subintervals (

n

).

You do not need to specify the number of subintervals. If the
number of subintervals is not specifi ed, the default value of

n

= 100 will be used.

3. Press

=

.

Notes:

• Parameters are entered in the following way:

WriteView editor:

a

b

function[, subintervals]

dx

Line editor:

(function,

a

,

b

[, subintervals])

• Integral calculations, depending on the integrands and

subintervals included, require longer calculation time. During
calculation, the

BUSY

symbol will be displayed. To cancel

calculation, press

j

.

Note that there will be greater integral errors when there are
large fl uctuations in the
integral values during
minute shifting of the
integral range and for
periodic functions, etc.,
where positive and
negative integral values
exist depending on the
interval.

For the former case, divide integral intervals as small as
possible. For the latter case, separate the positive and negative
values. Following these tips will allow you to obtain results from
calculations with greater accuracy and will also shorten the
calculation time.

Performing differential calculations

1. Press

@

G

.

2. Specify the following parameters: function with variable

x

,

value of

x

, and minute interval (

d

x

).

You do not need to specify the minute interval. If the minute
interval is not specifi ed, it will automatically be set to 10

−

5

(while

x

=

0), or |

x

|

×

10

−

5

(while

x

≠

0).

3. Press

=

.

Note: Parameters are entered in the following way:

WriteView editor:

d

(function)

–

dx

|

x

=

value of

x

[, minute interval]

Line editor:

d

/

dx

(function, value of

x

[, minute interval])

∑

Function

8

The

∑

function returns the cumulative sum of a given expression

from an initial value to an end value in NORMAL mode.

Performing

∑

calculations

1. Press

@

I

.

2. Specify the following parameters: initial value, end value,

function with variable

x

, and increment (

n

).

You do not need to specify the increment. If the increment is
not specifi ed, the default value of

n

= 1 will be used.

3. Press

=

.

Note: Parameters are entered in the following way:

WriteView editor:

end value

Σ

(function[, increment])

x

=

initial value

Line editor:

Σ

(function, initial value, end value[, increment])

Random Function

The random function has four settings. (This function cannot be
selected while using the N-base function.) To generate further
random numbers in succession, press

e

. Press

j

to exit.

Random numbers

A pseudo-random number, with three signifi cant digits from 0 up
to 0.999, can be generated by pressing

@

w

0

e

.

Note: In the WriteView editor, if the result is not 0 it can be

shown as a fraction or decimal using

U

.

Random dice

To simulate a die-rolling, a random integer between 1 and 6 can
be generated by pressing

@

w

1

e

.

Random coin

To simulate a coin fl ip, 0 (heads) or 1 (tails) can be randomly
generated by pressing

@

w

2

e

.

Random integer

An integer between 0 and 99 can be generated randomly by
pressing

@

w

3

e

.

Angular Unit Conversions

9

Each time

@

]

is pressed, the angular unit changes in

sequence.

Memory Calculations

10

Mode

ANS

M, F1–F4

A–F, X, Y

D1–D4

NORMAL

○

○

○

○

STAT

○

○

○

○

CPLX

○

○

×

○

MATRIX

○

○

○

○

LIST

○

○

○

○

○

: Available

×

: Unavailable

Temporary memories (A–F, X and Y)

Press

x

and a variable key to store a value in memory.

Press

t

and a variable key to recall the value from that memory.

To place a variable in an equation, press

;

and a variable key.

Independent memory (M)

In addition to all the features of temporary memories, a value can
be added to or subtracted from an existing memory value.

Press

j

x

M

to clear the independent memory (M).

Last answer memory (ANS)

The calculation result obtained by pressing

=

or any other

calculation ending instruction is automatically stored in the last
answer memory.

When the calculation result is in matrix or list form, the full matrix
or list is not stored into ANS memory. Only the value of the
element covered by the cursor is stored.

Notes:

• Calculation results from the functions indicated below are

automatically stored in the X or Y memories replacing any
existing values.

•

r

θ

,

x y

: X memory (

r

or

x

), Y memory (

θ

or

y

)

• Two

x

´ values from a quadratic regression calculation in

STAT mode: X memory (1:), Y memory (2:)

• Use of

t

or

;

will recall the value stored in memory

using up to 14 digits.

Formula memories (F1–F4)

You can store expressions in formula memories (F1–F4). Storing
a new expression in a memory space will automatically replace
any content that may already exist there.

Notes:

• Expressions that are stored from the WriteView editor cannot

be recalled from within the Line editor, and vice versa.

• You can only recall expressions stored from the Line editor

when entering values or items in STAT, MATRIX, LIST, or
EQUATION modes, or into solver functions or simulation
calculations.

• Any recalled expressions will overwrite any expressions that

are currently being entered.

• You cannot store formulas in formula memories when entering

values or items in STAT, MATRIX, LIST, or EQUATION modes,
or into solver functions or simulation calculations.

EL-W506
EL-W516
EL-W546

SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR

OPERATION MANUAL

MODEL

ENGLISH

Physical Constants and Metric Conversions

16

Calculations using physical constants

To recall a constant, press

K

, then select a physical constant

from the list. (Each item is labeled with a 2-digit number.)

• To scroll up or down the list of constants, press

u

(

l

) or

d

(

r

).

Use

@

u

(

l

) or

@

d

(

r

) to jump to the

fi rst or last page.

• Enter the fi rst digit of the 2-digit item number to jump to the

page containing the number that begins with that digit.

• When you enter the second digit, the constant is displayed

automatically according to the display and decimal
placement settings.

• Physical constants can be recalled in NORMAL (excluding

N-base), STAT, CPLX, MATRIX, LIST, and EQUATION modes.

• The following table lists the physical constants. See the

calculation example sheet for physical constant symbols
and units.

Note: Physical constants and metric conversions are based

on the 2006 CODATA recommended values, or on
the 1995 Edition of the “Guide for the Use of the
International System of Units (SI)” released by NIST
(National Institute of Standards and Technology).

No.

Constant

No.

Constant

01
02

03

04
05
06
07
08

09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

Speed of light in vacuum
Newtonian constant of
gravitation
Standard acceleration of
gravity
Electron mass
Proton mass
Neutron mass
Muon mass
Atomic mass unit-kilogram
relationship
Elementary charge
Planck constant
Boltzmann constant
Magnetic constant
Electric constant
Classical electron radius
Fine-structure constant
Bohr radius
Rydberg constant
Magnetic fl ux quantum
Bohr magneton
Electron magnetic moment
Nuclear magneton
Proton magnetic moment
Neutron magnetic moment
Muon magnetic moment
Compton wavelength
Proton Compton wavelength

27
28
29

30
31
32
33

34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51

52

Stefan-Boltzmann constant
Avogadro constant
Molar volume of ideal gas
(273.15 K, 101.325 kPa)
Molar gas constant
Faraday constant
Von Klitzing constant
Electron charge to mass
quotient
Quantum of circulation
Proton gyromagnetic ratio
Josephson constant
Electron volt
Celsius Temperature
Astronomical unit
Parsec
Molar mass of carbon-12
Planck constant over 2 pi
Hartree energy
Conductance quantum
Inverse fi ne-structure constant
Proton-electron mass ratio
Molar mass constant
Neutron Compton wavelength
First radiation constant
Second radiation constant
Characteristic impedance of
vacuum
Standard atmosphere

Metric conversions

Enter a value to be converted, then press

@

L

, and

select a metric conversion by entering its 2-digit number.

• The metric conversion list is used in the same manner as

the list of physical constants.

• Unit conversions can be performed in NORMAL (excluding

N-base), STAT, MATRIX, LIST, and EQUATION modes.

• The following table lists units used in metric conversion.

See the calculation example sheet for the metric
conversion reference table.

No.

Remarks

No.

Remarks

01

in

: inch

23

fl oz(US) : fl uid ounce (US)

02

cm

: centimeter

24

mL

: milliliter

03

ft

: foot

25

fl oz(UK) : fl uid ounce (UK)

04

m

: meter

26

mL

: milliliter

05

yd :

yard

27

cal

th

:

calorie

th

06

m

: meter

28

J

: joule

07

mi :

mile

29

cal

15

:

calorie

(15°C)

08

km

: kilometer

30

J

: joule

09

n mi

: nautical mile

31

cal

IT

:

calorie

IT

10

m

: meter

32

J

: joule

11

acre

: acre*

1

33

hp :

horsepower

(UK)

12

m

2

: square meter

34

W

: watt

13

oz :

ounce

(avoirdupois)

35

ps :

horsepower (metric)

14

g

: gram

36

W

: watt

15

lb :

pound

(avoirdupois)

37

(kgf/cm

2

)

16

kg

: kilogram

38

Pa

: pascal

17

°F

: degree Fahrenheit

39

atm

: atmosphere

18

°C

: degree Celsius

40

Pa

: pascal

19

gal (US) : gallon (US)

41

(1 mmHg = 1 Torr)

20

L

: liter

42

Pa

: pascal

21

gal (UK) : gallon (UK)

43

(kgf

·

m)

22

L :

liter

44

N

·

m :

newton

meter

*1 based on US survey foot

Defi nable memories (D1–D4)

You can store functions or operations in defi nable memories
(D1–D4).

• To store a function or operation, press

x

, followed by a

defi nable memory key (

I

,

J

,

K

, or

L

), followed

by the operation you want to store. Menu-related operations,
such as

@

J

, cannot be stored. Press

j

to return to

the previous display.

• To call a stored function or operation, press the corresponding

memory key. Calling a stored function will not work if the function
that is called would be unusable in the current context.

• Any functions or operations that are stored in a defi nable memory

will be replaced when you save a new one into that memory.

• You cannot store functions or operations in defi nable memories

when entering values or items in STAT, MATRIX, LIST, or
EQUATION modes, or into solver functions or simulation
calculations.

Chain Calculations

11

The previous calculation result can be used in the subsequent
calculation. However, it cannot be recalled after entering multiple
instructions or when the calculation result is in matrix/list format.

Fraction Calculations

12

Arithmetic operations and memory calculations can be performed
using fractions. In NORMAL mode, conversion between a decimal
number and a fraction can be performed by pressing

U

.

Notes:

• Improper/proper fractions will be converted to and displayed as

decimal numbers if the number of digits used in their expression
is greater than nine. In the case of mixed fractions, the maximum
number of displayable digits (including integers) is eight.

• To convert a sexagesimal value to a fraction, fi rst convert it by

pressing

@

:

.

Binary, Pental, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal
Operations (N-base)

13

Conversions can be performed between N-base numbers in
NORMAL mode. The four basic arithmetic operations, calculations
with parentheses, and memory calculations can also be performed,
along with the logical operations AND, OR, NOT, NEG, XOR, and
XNOR on binary, pental, octal, and hexadecimal numbers.

Conversion to each system is performed with the following keys:

@

z

(“BIN” appears),

@

r

(“PEN” appears),

@

g

(“OCT” appears),

@

h

(“HEX” appears),

@

/

(“BIN”, “PEN”, “OCT”, and “HEX” disappear)

Note: The hexadecimal numbers A–F are entered by pressing

K

A

,

m

B

,

A

C

,

l

D

,

i

E

, and

H

F

.

In the binary, pental, octal, and hexadecimal systems, fractional
parts cannot be entered. When a decimal number having
a fractional part is converted into a binary, pental, octal, or
hexadecimal number, the fractional part will be truncated. Likewise,
when the result of a binary, pental, octal, or hexadecimal calculation
includes a fractional part, the fractional part will be truncated. In the
binary, pental, octal, and hexadecimal systems, negative numbers
are displayed as a complement.

Time, Decimal, and Sexagesimal Calculations

14

You can convert between decimal and sexagesimal numbers, and
from sexagesimal numbers to seconds or minutes. In addition,
the four basic arithmetic operations and memory calculations
can be performed using the sexagesimal system. Notation for
sexagesimal is as follows:

Degree

Minute

Second

Coordinate Conversions

15

• Before performing a calculation, select the angular unit.

• The calculation result is automatically stored in the X and Y

memories (

r

or

x

in X memory, and

θ

or

y

in Y memory).

• The results of coordinate conversions will be displayed as

decimal numbers even in the WriteView editor.

Rectangular coord.

Polar coord.

Entry value

DEG

multiples of 15

RAD

multiples of

1

⎯

12

π

GRAD

multiples of

50

⎯

3

y

x

b

x

x

x

x

a

0

1

3

2

y

a

b

x x

x
x

x

1

0

2

3