Sun Microsystems 1.0 - Manuals

viii SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 3. Installing SunFDDI/P Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Declaring IP Addresses for SunFDDI/P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

Contents ix Tuning the High and Low Water Marks at Boot Time. . . . . 29 Tuning the Socket Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 MTU Path Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 ▼ To Tune the Maximum Transfer Unit (MTU) . . . . . . . . ...

Contents xi Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Tree of Concentrators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Disadvant...

xii SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 ▼ To Install the Standard SNM Agents on a Client . . . . . . 104 ▼ To Install the FDDI Schemas on a Client . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Installing the FDDI Schemas on the Console . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 ▼ To Share pf_install_agents From a Client . ....

xv Figures Figure 2-1 Aligning SC-Type Fiber Optic Cable Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Figure 2-2 Cleaning the End of a Fiber Optic Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Figure 6-1 FDDI Architectural Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Figure 6-2 Communica...

xvi SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 Figure 7-2 Basic Dual-Ring Network with Two Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Figure 7-3 Standalone Concentrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Figure 7-4 Standalone Concentrator With Dual-Homing . . . . . . . ...

xvii Tables Table 5-1 Problems Installing SunFDDI/P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Table 5-2 Problems Running SunFDDI/P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Table 5-3 Problems Using the SNM Agents for SunFDDI/P . . . . . . . . . . 43 Table 8-1 pf_stat States Un...

xix Preface The SunFDDI/P™ 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide describes how to turn yoursystem into an FDDI station attached to an FDDI network. It is intended forexperienced network administrators who are familiar with the Solaris 2.5.1Hardware: 4/97 operating environment. The SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter issupport...

xx SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 The connector type has been changed for SunFDDI/P to an SC-type connector.If you are connecting the SunFDDI/P card to a network that has a MICconnector, an SC-MIC converter cable is required. Part 1 — “Installing and Configuring SunFDDI/P” Chapter 1, “S...

Preface xxi Chapter 9, “Managing FDDI Stations Using SunNet Manager,” describeshow to install the SunNet Manager agents for SunFDDI/P and how to set upthe SunNet Manager console to manage them. Chapter 10, “Developing Applications that Run over SunFDDI/P,” describeshow to create applications that ru...

xxii SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 Typographic Conventions The following table describes the typographic changes used in this book. Shell Prompts The following table shows the default system prompt and superuser promptfor the C shell, Bourne shell, and Korn shell. Typeface orSymbol Mea...

Preface xxiii Related Documents For a more detailed description of FDDI technology and the relevant FDDIprotocols, see these documents: Ordering Sun Documents SunDocs SM is a distribution program for Sun Microsystems technical documentation. Easy, convenient ordering and quick delivery is available ...

xxiv SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 Getting Help For technical assistance in the United States, call 1-800-872-4786. To get the latest patches and patch revisions, contact your local Sun Serviceprovider. For additional information, access Sun on the World Wide Web: http://www.sun.com an...

1 SunFDDI/P Overview 1 This chapter describes the Sun FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface)implementation of the FDDI protocols, including a list of the ANSI/FDDIstandards to which it conforms. See Chapter 6, “FDDI Network Architecture”for more information on FDDI architecture. Feature Summary The...

2 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 1 • Provides connection to multimode fiber (SunFDDI/P and SunFDDI/P Dual)networks • Supports data transfer rates of up to 100 Mbps • Provides power-up self test and system diagnostic tests • Provides high reliability and availability through distributed,...

3 Hardware Installation 2 This chapter tells you where to find step-by-step procedures for installing PCIcards. It describes the convention used to assign device names to SunFDDI/Padapter cards, and tells you how to connect fiber optic cables. Caution – For your personal safety and to protect your m...

4 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 2 Device Instances and Device Names You can install a SunFDDI/P PCI card in any available master PCI slot.SunFDDI/P supports up to four SunFDDI/P PCI cards installed in one PCI,and up to eight SunFDDI/P PCI cards installed in one machine. SunFDDI/P 1.0 P...

Hardware Installation 5 2 Installing SunFDDI/P Adapter Cards Refer to the hardware installation manual that came with your system fordetailed instructions on how to install an adapter card in your machine. There are no user-configurable jumpers or switches on the SunFDDI/P PCIcard. Altering any of t...

6 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 2 • Fiber optic cable has a limited turn radius. Do not bend it in a way thatcould damage the fiber or cause signal loss. ▼ To Connect the Fiber Optic Cable 1. Unpack the cable, remove the plastic protective caps or plugs from each end, and remove the pl...

Hardware Installation 7 2 MIC-to-MIC Coupler A separate MIC (Media Interface Connector) coupler is shipped with theSunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter product to support MIC-to-MIC network connections. Two different versions of the coupler are available: • One with raised keys to help you properly orient the conn...

8 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 2 ▼ To Clean the Fiber Optic Cable 1. Gently wipe the end of the ferrule with an alcohol-moistened cotton swab. Figure 2-2 Cleaning the End of a Fiber Optic Cable 2. Blow clean, dry compressed air around the end of the connector and around the ferrule to...

Hardware Installation 9 2 Link Status Indicator (Diagnostic LED) A link status indicator is mounted on the SunFDDI/P PCI card. The color ofthe LED indicates the current status of the connection to the FDDI network asfollows: • No LED lit: Either the driver is loaded and the interface is not configur...

11 Installing SunFDDI/P Software 3 This chapter assumes that you have already installed the SunFDDI/P adaptercard in your machine and that you are loading the software from a localCD-ROM drive. This chapter tells you how to install the SunFDDI/P device drivers, utilities,and SunNet Manager agents in...

12 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 3 Installation Requirements • Hardware and Software Platforms SunFDDI/P is designed for Sun-4u PCI-based system architectures (32Mbytes RAM minimum) running a Solaris 2.5.1 Hardware: 4/97environment. • Disk Space A machine with 1600 KBytes of disk space...

Installing SunFDDI/P Software 13 3 Installing and Configuring SunFDDI/P Use pkgadd(1M) to install unbundled software. See the Solaris 2.5 Software and AnswerBook Packages Administration Guide for detailed information on installingsoftware products using pkgadd . For detailed instructions on how to l...

14 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 3 3. Enter the number that corresponds to the package you want to install and press Return. Respond to any prompts that are displayed.Two packages are associated with SunFDDI/P. They contain the devicedrivers and utilities used to manage your SunFDDI/P ...

Installing SunFDDI/P Software 15 3 (See Chapter 11, “Setting Up Servers and Diskless Clients” for moreinformation on booting diskless clients across an FDDI network.) The number of SunFDDI/P interfaces found is displayed and you are askedhow many interfaces you want to configure. 2. Enter a number f...

16 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 3 • Type n , or press Return, if you are not using SunNet Manager to manage your network; if you are running SunNet Manager agents on anothermachine; or if you want to start the SunNet Manager agents manually. 7. Type y to use the installation scripts w...

Installing SunFDDI/P Software 17 3 1. Type y to accept the installation of files with setuid / setgid permission. If you are installing the SUNWpft package for the first time, this step will not occur. 2. Type y to accept the installation scripts with superuser permission. ▼ To Finish the Installati...

18 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 3 • If Volume Manager ( vold ) is not running on your machine, unmount the CD-ROM before you eject and remove the directory that you created: 3. Reboot your machine. ▼ To Check the Installation 1. Use netstat(1M) to check for SunFDDI/P interfaces. 2. Us...

Installing SunFDDI/P Software 19 3 Your SunFDDI/P station should now be active, and you should be able to sendand receive data across an FDDI connection. For optimum performance from your FDDI network, you may need to tune theconfigurable network parameters. See Chapter 4, “Improving NetworkPerforma...

20 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 3 Installing SunNet Manager Agents for SunFDDI/P Use pf_install_agents to install the SunNet Manager agents for SunFDDI/P. This script copies the FDDI schema files to the directory in whichthe standard agents are installed and updates the configuration ...

Installing SunFDDI/P Software 21 3 4. Specify the destination directory for the SunFDDI/P schemas. SunNet Manager looks for the schemas in the directory<basedir> /SUNWconn/snm/agents . The variable <basedir> is set to /opt by default. If you installed the SunNet Manager agents and librar...

22 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 3 Removing SunFDDI/P If you remove the SunFDDI/P hardware interfaces from your machine, youalso need to remove the SunFDDI/P software to prevent the device driverfrom starting each time you reboot the machine. Use pkgrm(1M) to remove unbundled software ...

23 Improving Network Performance 4 This chapter tells you how to optimize your FDDI network and assumes thatyou are familiar with FDDI network architecture and related terminology. SeeChapter 6, “FDDI Network Architecture” for a detailed description of the FDDIprotocols, and Chapter 7, “FDDI Network...

Improving Network Performance 25 4 Data Throughput Improvement The most significant improvements in throughput are achieved by maximizingthe rate at which data is transferred to and from the FDDI network. If you arerunning TCP/IP or UDP/IP applications, you can improve throughput bymodifying the par...

26 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 4 fragmented so that they do not exceed the MTU of the Ethernet network. Somelow-cost bridges that do not support fragmentation will reject the 4352-bytepackets. Fragmenting and reassembling the packets introduces a considerable overheadthat affects per...

Improving Network Performance 27 4 Improving Performance The following section describes how to modify the user-configurable networkparameters. To obtain optimum network performance, you may need to tunethese parameters, depending on your network configuration and the type ofnetwork traffic. Changin...

28 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 4 3. Use ndd —set to modify the current value of the TCP high water marks ( tcp_xmit_hiwat and tcp_recv_hiwat ). For optimum performance over FDDI connections, the TCP high watermarks should both be set to 32 Kbytes. 4. Use ndd —get (the default) to che...

Improving Network Performance 29 4 2. Use ndd —set to modify the current value of the TCP and UDP low water marks ( tcp_xmit_lowat and udp_xmit_lowat ). For optimum performance over FDDI connections, set the TCP and UDPlow water marks to 24 Kbytes. Tuning the High and Low Water Marks at Boot Time Ea...

30 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 4 MTU Path Discovery Machines running a Solaris 2.x environment support MTU path discovery,which allows the optimum MTU to be negotiated. Under most circumstances,this ensures efficient use of the network resources. However, to enable MTUpath discovery ...

Improving Network Performance 31 4 ▼ To Disable MTU Path Discovery Many bridges do not support MTU path discovery. ♦ To disable this feature in order to transmit packets across a bridge, type: MTU path discovery is re-enabled each time the machine is rebooted. ▼ To Tune the Target Token Rotation Tim...

33 Troubleshooting and Diagnostics 5 This chapter describes how to detect and resolve common problems with yourFDDI network. It includes instructions on how to load and configure theSunFDDI/P device driver manually, if required. Note that SunFDDI/Psupports almost all of the standard SunOS™ network d...

34 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 5 Troubleshooting Checklist Use the following checklist to verify the major components of yourSunFDDI/P station, and to check that it is installed, configured, and attachedto the network correctly. ▼ To Check the Connection to the Station ♦ Check that t...

Troubleshooting and Diagnostics 35 5 • If the LED is amber, the SunFDDI/P driver is loaded, the pf interface is configured, but no valid line state to an active FDDI network exists. a. Check the physical connections between the station and the ring, or the station and the concentrator. b. Check the ...

36 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 5 ▼ To Check the SunFDDI/P Driver ♦ Use netstat(1M) to check that the SunFDDI/P ( pf ) driver is installed correctly, and to check for an excessive number of errors and collisions: A sudden increase in the number of errors could indicate a noisy connect...

Troubleshooting and Diagnostics 37 5 ▼ To Check the IP Routing 1. Check the IP routing table using the netstat(1M) command: 2. Check that the FDDI subnetwork is featured in the routing table. If the routing table is empty, check that the routing daemon ( in.routed ) is running on your machine. ▼ To ...

38 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 5 ♦ Use netstat(1M) to check the driver statistics: ▼ To Check the SMT Traffic If the target station is not running SunFDDI/P, it does not necessarily supportthe same set of SMT frames. If the target station receives an SMT request for anunsupported ser...

Troubleshooting and Diagnostics 39 5 Solving Common Problems Use the information in Table 5-1 and Table 5-2 to diagnose and resolve some ofthe common problems that can occur when installing, configuring, or runningSunFDDI/P. Table 5-1 Problems Installing SunFDDI/P Problem Action The SunFDDI/P softwa...

44 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 5 Running the Hardware Self-Test Program If you suspect that there may be a problem with the SunFDDI/P adapter card,you can use the built-in hardware self-test to check the state of its primarycomponents and the connection to the network. ▼ To Run the H...

Troubleshooting and Diagnostics 45 5 Loading the Device Driver Manually Normally, the SunFDDI/P device driver is loaded and configured by thepost-installation script, which is launched automatically when the software isinstalled. If you encounter problems when running this script, or if you wantto c...

46 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 5 b. Look in the /dev directory for links to these entries: 5. Create a file called /etc/hostname.pf <inst> for each SunFDDI/P IP interface that you configure.Each file must contain the host name assigned to the IP interface. These filesare used t...

49 FDDI Network Architecture 6 This chapter provides a brief introduction to the Fiber Distributed DataInterface (FDDI), and the network architecture described by the followingspecifications: • ANSI/FDDI Physical Media Dependent (PMD) X3.166-1990 • ANSI/FDDI Physical Layer (PHY) X3.148-1988 • ANSI/F...

52 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 6 Media Access Control (MAC) Layer The Media Access Control layer specifies the access mechanism used totransmit and receive data on the FDDI network. It packages digital data inframes. The MAC layer specifies three classes of digital data traffic: • Sy...

FDDI Network Architecture 53 6 At its lowest level, the SMT protocol handles connection management ( CMT ). This includes station initialization, the insertion and removal of stations on thenetwork, and connection compatibility between stations. At a higher level, theSMT protocol handles ring manage...

56 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 6 FDDI Stations An FDDI station is any device that can be attached to a fiber or copper twisted-pair FDDI network through an FDDI interface. The FDDI protocols define twotypes of FDDI stations: • Single-attached station (SAS) • Dual-attached station (DA...

FDDI Network Architecture 57 6 Dual-Attached Station (DAS) A dual-attached station (DAS) is attached to the FDDI network through twoconnectors called the A-port and the B-port, respectively. The A-port has aprimary input (Pin) and a secondary output (Sout); the B-port has a primaryoutput ( Pout ) an...

58 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 6 FDDI Concentrators FDDI concentrators are multiplexers that attach multiple single-attachedstations to the FDDI ring. An FDDI concentrator is analogous to an Ethernethub. The FDDI protocols define two types of concentrators: • Single-attached concentr...

60 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 6 FDDI Failure Recovery One of the primary advantages of FDDI is its ability to recover reliably fromfailures in stations and cables. The failure mechanism is implemented andcontrolled by the Station Management (SMT) entity described in the section“Stat...

62 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 6 Figure 6-10 Dual-Attached Station in Wrap Mode Optical Bypass Switches Station wrapping provides effective network recovery in the event of a singlestation or cable failure. However, two or more failures in the ring will isolateportions of the network...

FDDI Network Architecture 65 6 FDDI Ring Operation Two types of traffic are allocated bandwidth on an FDDI ring: • Asynchronous traffic (unrestricted and restricted)The unrestricted asynchronous service allocates bandwidth dynamicallybased on the timed token rotation protocol, and according to the p...

66 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 6 The maximum time for which a station can hold the permission token, andtherefore the time for which a station can transmit on the ring, is determinedby these two station timers that work together to maintain the target tokenrotation time (TTRT), irres...

FDDI Network Architecture 67 6 • Network load • Network efficiency • Processor speed (on the FDDI stations) • Bus architecture There are a number of ways of improving the overall performance of thenetwork, some of which are discussed in Chapter 4, “Improving NetworkPerformance.” However, the majorit...

69 FDDI Network Topologies 7 FDDI networks can be arranged in a variety of ways, depending on theplacement of stations (SAS and DAS) and the use of concentrators (SAC andDAC). The optimum arrangement for a particular installation is dependent onseveral factors, including: • Cost • Network size • Req...

70 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 7 Basic Dual-Ring Network The dual ring (or dual, counter-rotating ring) is one of the simplest FDDInetwork topologies. It clearly illustrates the distinctive ring architecture mostcommonly associated with the FDDI standards, as shown in Figure 7-1. Eac...

FDDI Network Topologies 71 7 When a ring fails, the primary ring is wrapped automatically on either side ofthe fault so that the primary and secondary rings are combined to form asingle, one-way ring. This mechanism is described in more detail in “FDDIFailure Recovery” on page 60. A dual-ring networ...

74 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 7 Concentrators with Dual-Homing Figure 7-3 shows two dual-attached stations connected to two dual-attachedconcentrators in a dual-homing configuration. In this case, each dual-attachedstation is connected to both DACs. This topology is typically used f...

FDDI Network Topologies 75 7 Advantages Dual-homing offers the same advantages as a standalone concentrator,described on page 72. It also offers improved resistance against cable faults andconcentrator failure. Disadvantages The number of stations that can be attached to the concentrator is limited ...

FDDI Network Topologies 79 7 Mixed FDDI/Ethernet Networks This section concentrates on the implementation of mixed FDDI/Ethernetnetworks. The same principles could be applied to mixed FDDI/802.3 andmixed FDDI/802.5 (Token Ring) networks. FDDI and Token Ring networks arebased on a ring topology; Ethe...

80 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 7 Figure 7-7 Basic Mixed FDDI/Ethernet Topology A Tree of Concentrators in an Ethernet Network A tree of concentrators of the type described on page 77 is attached to anEthernet network by connecting your system to the root concentrator as shownin Figur...

FDDI Network Topologies 81 7 A Ring of Trees in an Ethernet Network A ring of trees of the type described on page 77 is attached to an Ethernetnetwork by connecting your system to one of the concentrators in the maindistribution frame, as shown in Figure 7-9. Figure 7-9 Ring of Trees Attached to an ...

FDDI Network Topologies 83 7 To avoid this situation, set up a static route that forces the traffic between jilland judy to pass over the FDDI link; however, static routing is notrecommended in a network beyond a few nodes in size. For efficient IP routingin large FDDI/Ethernet networks, use a routi...

85 Using the SunFDDINetwork Utilities 8 This chapter describes the network utilities of SunFDDI/P. Throughout this chapter, it is assumed that you have installed the SunFDDI/Psoftware under the default base directory <basedir> for your operating system: The default base directory <basedir&g...

86 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 8 Changing the Default MAC Address (pf_macid) Each attachment to an FDDI network is identified by a unique 48-bit MAC address. By default, the first SunFDDI/P card takes the host-resident MAC address, which is stored in nonvolatile memory (NVRAM) on the...

Using the SunFDDI Network Utilities 87 8 a. Edit the /etc/rcS.d/S30rootusr.sh file to add the following if statement immediately after the ifconfig command that initializes the interface pf <inst>. If you are changing the MAC address of more than one interface, addone if statement for each int...

88 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 8 The pf_stat utility displays information using column headings that conform to SMT revision 7.3, which differ from SMT revision 5.1 and 4.2 headings in thefollowing cases: • The ECM heading corresponds to the 5.1 MIM heading. • The RMT heading does no...

Using the SunFDDI Network Utilities 89 8 Interpreting Local Statistics Running the pf_stat utility without the —m option displays information about the various SMT state machines and the network to which the local station isattached: Ring (Ring Status) The Ring status shows the current state of the ...

90 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 8 Table 8-1 lists the states that may be returned by pf_stat under the ECM heading. RMT (Ring Management) RMT shows the current state of the Ring Management state machine, which controls the following features and facilities: • MAC availability • Detect...

Using the SunFDDI Network Utilities 91 8 PCM (Physical Connection Management) PCM shows the current state of the Physical Connection Management state machine that controls the following features and facilities: • Connection initialization • Maintenance support This heading is modified to indicate th...

92 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 8 The normal sequence of PCM states leading to a fully synchronized connectionand incorporation of the port into the token path is shown in Figure 8-1. Notethat the minimum interval between interrogations is one second and that thisis not always fast en...

Using the SunFDDI Network Utilities 93 8 RecvP (Receive Packets) Running pf_stat without an interval and count displays the total number of packets received since the interface was activated. Running pf_stat with an interval and count displays the number of packets received since the lastinterrogati...

94 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 8 • The minimum interval of one second is not fast enough to recover anddisplay the complete sequence of PCM states during the path re-establishment phase. • A Ring_OP signal is received when the path is re-established indicating that the ring is operat...

Using the SunFDDI Network Utilities 95 8 Interpreting Statistics from Neighboring Stations Running the pf_stat utility with the —m option displays information about the neighboring stations attached to the local interface pf <inst>. Phy (Physical Connection) PHY shows the type of physical conn...

Using the SunFDDI Network Utilities 97 8 Example Neighbor Statistics The following output was recovered from a single-attached station using thecommand shown. A temporary fault condition was simulated by disconnectingthe FDDI cable from the SunFDDI/P card and then reconnecting it. Note the following...

98 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 8 Monitoring SMT Frames (pf_smtmon) The pf_smtmon(1M) utility is an active monitor that displays the SMT frames received by the local station. It is particularly useful for diagnosingcommunication problems with the SunNet Manager proxy agent. This comma...

Using the SunFDDI Network Utilities 99 8 ♦ To display the SMT frames received by interface pf1 in hexadecimal format, type: # <basedir> /pf_smtmon -i pf1 —x pf1: nif_request v=0x1 t=0x170 s=10-0-4-8-24-5c i=0x28 004DC000 0000004F FFFFFFFF FFFF1000 0408245C 01020001 00000170 00001000 0408245C 0...

100 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 8 SMT Frame Classes and Types SMT frames are used for peer-to-peer (station-to-station) management. Theyare divided into classes, which define the function of the frame. Each class isthen divided into up to three types, which define whether the frame i...

Using the SunFDDI Network Utilities 101 8 ESF (Extended Service Frame) These frames are implementation dependent. An ESF frame can be an announcement, a request, or a response. PMF (Parameter Management Frame) These frames are used to access remote station attributes. The ParameterManagement Protoco...

104 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 9 Installing the SunNet Manager Agents You must install a SunNet Manager console (or management application) onyour network before installing and configuring the SunNet Manager agents forSunFDDI/P. Two SunNet Manager agents are provided for SunFDDI/P. ...

Managing FDDI Stations Using SunNet Manager 105 9 ▼ To Install the FDDI Schemas on a Client Use pf_install_agents to install the SunNet Manager agents for SunFDDI/P. This script copies the FDDI schema files to the directory in whichthe standard agents are installed and updates the configuration file...

106 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 9 5. Specify the current location of the SunFDDI/P schemas. This is the base directory under which you installed the SunFDDI/Psoftware package ( SUNWpf ) using pkgadd(1M) . The SunFDDI/P schemas are copied to the destination directory and thelocal conf...

Managing FDDI Stations Using SunNet Manager 107 9 ▼ To Share pf_install_agents From a Client 1. On the client machine, ensure that the NFS and mount daemons are running: 2. On the client machine, share the /opt directory under which you installed SunFDDI/P. 3. On the console machine, NFS mount the /...

Managing FDDI Stations Using SunNet Manager 109 9 Managing FDDI Networks with SunNet Manager For detailed information on how to use SunNet Manager to manage thevarious components of your network, refer to the SunNet Manager User’s Guide. The SunNet Manager agents for SunFDDI/P are used to recover FD...

110 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 9 Using the SunFDDI/P Local Agent (pf_fddi) The SunFDDI/P local agent ( pf_fddi ) responds to SNM requests from the console and returns statistics gathered on the client machine. These statisticsare similar to those returned by pf_stat(1M) . See “Displ...

Managing FDDI Stations Using SunNet Manager 111 9 ▼ To Gather Neighbor Station Statistics Use the SunFDDI/P local agent to recover a snapshot of the current state of theneighboring FDDI stations: 1. Click SELECT on the icon for the FDDI station that you want to interrogate. 2. Press MENU on the Requ...

112 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 9 ▼ To Use the SunFDDI/P Proxy Agent ( pf_fddismt7_2 ) The SunFDDI/P proxy agent ( pf_fddismt7_2 ) responds to SNM requests from the console and issues SMT Request Frames (SRF) to a specified targetstation. It then returns the information received from...

Managing FDDI Stations Using SunNet Manager 113 9 ▼ To Gather Information from the Proxy Agent Use the SunFDDI/P proxy agent to recover SMT information from one of theneighboring FDDI stations: 1. Click SELECT on the icon for the FDDI proxy station that you want to interrogate. 2. Press MENU on the ...

114 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 9 Interpreting Traps and Errors One of the most important functions of the SunNet Manager agent forSunFDDI/P is to signal the occurrence of faults or errors on the network.Traps are sent to the consoles that you specified when you ran the pf_install_ag...

Managing FDDI Stations Using SunNet Manager 117 9 MAC Address Formats The MAC address can be represented in one of two formats: • Canonical format • Ring format The MAC address is always displayed in canonical format by the SunFDDI/Pnetwork utilities and hardware self-test program. It is also displa...

120 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 10 Developing Applications with DLPI The Data Link Provider Interface (DLPI) version 2 enables any data link user toaccess the services of a data link provider without any special knowledgeabout the underlying protocols. In addition to FDDI services, D...

Developing Applications that Run over SunFDDI/P 121 10 DLPI primitives are defined in terms of STREAMS messages. All DLPImessages are either type M_PROTO or type M_PCPROTO and contain the appropriate DLPI message structure. DPLI primitives are exchanged byconfirmed negotiation—request primitives are...

122 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 10 DLPI Addressing DLPI addressing is implemented as a DLSAP (data link service access point)address. Each DLSAP consists of a physical address plus a service access point(SAP). The format of the DLSAP is provider-dependent. Figure 10-3 shows thegenera...

Developing Applications that Run over SunFDDI/P 123 10 Note that the value dl_sap_length is set to minus 2, which indicates that the SAP is 2 bytes beyond the physical address. dl_qos_offset 0 Not supported dl_range_length 0 Not supported dl_range_offset 0 Not supported dl_provider_style DL_STYLE2 C...

126 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 11 Setting Up a Server and Diskless Clients When you set up a Solaris 2.5.1 Hardware: 4/97 server so that it can export itsoperating system, you need to know the number of diskless clients that it willserve. This tells you the amount of disk space you ...

Setting Up Servers and Diskless Clients 127 11 ▼ To Set Up a Server Follow these steps to set up a server to boot diskless clients across an FDDIconnection: 1. Install and configure the relevant SunOS operating system on the server so that it can be exported.See the Solaris System Configuration and ...

128 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 11 3. Click SELECT on the Host Manager icon to display the Select Naming Service window. 4. Click SELECT on the button corresponding to the naming service used by the server to display list of available hosts. • If the server is running NIS+, click SEL...

Setting Up Servers and Diskless Clients 129 11 5. Click SELECT on Apply to display the Host Manager window. 6. Press MENU on the Edit menu button and choose the Add Host... item to activate the Add Host window.

130 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 11 7. Press MENU on the Client Type menu button, drag and release MENU to display the defaults for diskless clients. 8. Enter the host name, IP address, and Ethernet address of the diskless client.This information uniquely identifies the diskless clien...

Setting Up Servers and Diskless Clients 131 11 11. Specify the root and swap paths. By default, these paths are set to /export/root and /export/swap . If you change these paths, you must ensure that you have sufficient disk spacein the file systems you specify. 12. Specify the size of the swap space...

132 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 11 ▼ To Update the NIS Server If you are running NIS, you must update the NIS map on the NIS servermanually. If you are running NIS+ or you are not using a naming service,proceed to “Installing the SunFDDI/P Driver for a Diskless Client” onpage 133. 1....

Setting Up Servers and Diskless Clients 133 11 Installing the SunFDDI/P Driver for a Diskless Client After you have created the export file systems under /export/root /<client> and /export/swap /<client> on the server, you must install the SunFDDI/P device driver for the diskless client....

134 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 11 3. At the boot prompt, type the show-nets command to get a list of possible interfaces. A listing similar to the following example will be displayed: 4. Type the letter of your selection. Your selection will not appear on the screen. It will be copi...

Frequently Asked Questions About SunFDDI 137 A • Why do I get the error message “ duplicate address ” or “ duplicate macid ”? By default, the first SunFDDI/P interface installed in the machine adoptsthe host-resident MAC address stored on the motherboard. Each subsequent SunFDDI/P interface takes th...

138 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 A To disable the Ethernet interface so that it is not reconfigured when youreboot the machine, change the name of the /etc/hostname.le <inst> file. • How do I use the host name assigned to the SunFDDI/P interface as theprimary host name for my ma...

Frequently Asked Questions About SunFDDI 139 A • Does SunFDDI/P Dual incorporate an optical bypass?No. You must order an optical bypass switch from a third-party vendor. • Why does my optical bypass switch not work when I plug it in?Optical bypass switches require a power cycle to be initialized. Pl...

141 Glossary This glossary defines FDDI-related acronyms, abbreviations, and terms. ARP (Address Resolution Protocol). A protocol used within local networks thatsupport broadcast (such as Ethernet or FDDI) that binds IP addresses to MACaddresses. View the current contents of a Sun machine’s ARP tabl...

142 SunFDDI/P 1.0 Adapter User’s Guide—May 1997 CMT (connection management). The portion of the FDDI SMT that manages theoperation of physical layer insertion and removal, and the logical connection ofPHY entities to the MAC entities. DAS (dual attachment station). An FDDI station that connects to b...

Glossary 145 TRT (Token Rotation Timer). A timer in the FDDI MAC protocol that measures thetime between receipt of tokens. It expires when it reaches a value that exceedsthe Target Token Rotation Time (TTRT). TTRT (Target Token Rotation Time). A parameter in the FDDI MAC protocol that isnegotiated b...

147 Index Symbols //www.sun.com, xxiv /cdrom/sun_fddip_1_0 directory, 13 /etc/hosts file, 15, 22 /etc/rc2.d directory, 21 /etc/system file, 30 Numerics 802.3 networks, 79802.5 networks, 79 A access delay, 24, 26 add_drv command, 39 aggregate attenuation, 63ANSI/FDDI standards, 50A-ports, 57asynchron...

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