Page 2 - ii; Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise
ii Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise 1. Bitte lesen Sie sich diese Hinweise sorgfältig durch. 2. Heben Sie diese Anleitung für den spätern Gebrauch auf. 3. Vor jedem Reinigen ist das Gerät vom Stromnetz zu trennen. Vervenden Sie keine Flüssig- oder Aerosolreiniger. Am besten dient ein angefeuchtetes Tuch...
Page 4 - iv; WARRANTIES EXCLUSIVE; Limited Warranty
iv WARRANTIES EXCLUSIVE IF THE D-LINK PRODUCT DOES NOT OPERATE AS WARRANTED ABOVE, THE CUSTOMER'S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE, AT D-LINK'S OPTION, REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT. THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, EITHER IN FACT OR BY O...
Page 7 - Copyright Statement
D-Link Offices for Registration and Warranty Service The product's Registration Card, provided at the back of this manual, must be sent to a D-Link office. To obtain an RMA number for warranty service as to a hardware product, or to obtain warranty service as to a software product, contact the D-Lin...
Page 8 - viii; FCC Warning
viii FCC Warning This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. ...
Page 9 - ix; Table of Contents
ix Table of Contents Introduction .......................................................................... 13 Layer 3 Switching ............................................................... 13 The Functions of a Layer 3 Switch.................................... 15 Features ........................
Page 11 - xi
xi VLAN Layout .................................................................. 169 Assigning IP Network Addresses and Subnet Masks to VLANs ............................................................................ 170 Defining Static Routes.................................................... 1...
Page 12 - xii
xii Identifying a Data Loop .................................................. 335 Avoiding Trouble ............................................................ 335 Brief Review of Bitwise Logical Operations........................... 342 Index...........................................................
Page 13 - NTRODUCTION; Layer 3 Switching
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 13 1 I NTRODUCTION This section describes the Layer 3 functionality and Layer 2 and Layer 3 features of the DES-3326S. Some background information about Ethernet/Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, and switching technology is presented. This is intend...
Page 15 - The Functions of a Layer 3 Switch; Verifies packet expiration and updates accordingly
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 15 and improve the utilization of the network’s installed bandwidth. The Functions of a Layer 3 Switch Traditional routers, once the core components of large networks, became an obstacle to the migration toward next-generation networks. Attempts to...
Page 16 - Features; Switch features include:; Ports; Performance Features; Layer 2 Features; Gbps switching fabric capacity
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 16 Introduction Features The DES-3326S Switch was designed for easy installation and high performance in an environment where traffic on the network and the number of users increase continuously. Switch features include: Ports • 24 high performance...
Page 17 - Store and forward switching scheme.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 17 • Store and forward switching scheme. • Full and half-duplex for both 10Mbps and 100Mbps connections. The front-port Gigabit Ethernet module operates at full-duplex only. Full-duplex allows the switch port to simultaneously transmit and receive ...
Page 18 - Layer 3 Switch Features
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 18 Introduction • Data filtering rate eliminates all error packets, runts, etc. at 148,800 pps per port at 100% of wire-speed for 100Mbps speed. • 8K active MAC address entry table per device with automatic learning and aging (10 to 9999 seconds). ...
Page 19 - Supports OSPF; Traffic Classification and Prioritization; Based on 802.1p priority bits; Management
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 19 • Supports RIP – (Routing Information Protocol) version I and II. • Supports OSPF − (Open Shortest Path First) • Supports MD5 and Password OSPF Packet Authentication • Supports IP version 4. • IGMP version 1 and 2 support (RFC 1112 and RFC 2236)...
Page 20 - CLI management support
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 20 Introduction • SNMP v.1 Agent. • Fully configurable either in-band or out-of-band control via SNMP based software. • Flash memory for software upgrades. This can be done in-band via TFTP or out-of-band via the console. • Built-in SNMP management...
Page 21 - DCHP Client support.; Switch Stacking; The DES-3326 can be used as a standalone or stacked switch; Fast Ethernet Technology
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 21 • DCHP Client support. • DCHP Relay Agent. • DNS Relay Agent. • Password enabled. Switch Stacking The DES-3326 can be used as a standalone or stacked switch − using the optional stacking module. Up to 6 Switches may be stacked and managed as a u...
Page 22 - Gigabit Ethernet Technology
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 22 Introduction Gigabit Ethernet Technology Gigabit Ethernet is an extension of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet utilizing the same packet structure, format, and support for CSMA/CD protocol, full duplex, flow control, and management objects, but with a tenfold...
Page 23 - NPACKING AND; Unpacking; One DES-3226 24-port Fast Ethernet Layer 3 Switch
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 23 2 U NPACKING AND S ETUP This chapter provides unpacking and setup information for the Switch. Unpacking Open the shipping carton of the Switch and carefully unpack its contents. The carton should contain the following items: ♦ One DES-3226 24-po...
Page 24 - Installation; The surface must support at least 3 kg.; Desktop or Shelf Installation
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 24 Unpacking and Setup Installation Use the following guidelines when choosing a place to install the Switch: ♦ The surface must support at least 3 kg. ♦ The power outlet should be within 1.82 meters (6 feet) of the device. ♦ Visually inspect the p...
Page 25 - Figure 2-1. Installing rubber feet for desktop installation; Rack Installation; Figure 2- 2A. Attaching the mounting brackets to the switch
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 2-1. Installing rubber feet for desktop installation Rack Installation The DES-3326S can be mounted in an EIA standard-sized, 19-inch rack, which can be placed in a wiring closet with other equipment. To install, attach the mounting brackets...
Page 26 - Figure 2-2B. Installing the switch on an equipment rack; Power on
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 26 Unpacking and Setup Then, use the screws provided with the equipment rack to mount the switch on the rack. Figure 2-2B. Installing the switch on an equipment rack Power on The DES-3326S switch can be used with AC power supply 100-240 VAC, 50 - 6...
Page 27 - Power Failure
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 27 ♦ All LED indicators will momentarily blink. This blinking of the LED indicators represents a reset of the system. ♦ The power LED indicator is always on after the power is turned ON. ♦ The console LED indicator will blink while the Switch loads...
Page 28 - DENTIFYING; Front Panel; Figure 3-1. Front panel view of the Switch; LED Indicators
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 28 Identifying External Components 3 I DENTIFYING E XTERNAL C OMPONENTS This chapter describes the front panel, rear panel, optional plug-in modules, and LED indicators of the DES-3326S. Front Panel The front panel of the Switch consists of LED ind...
Page 29 - Rear Panel; The rear panel of the switch contains an AC power connector.; Figure 3-2. Rear panel view of the Switch
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Identifying External Components 29 ♦ A front-panel slide-in module slot for Gigabit Ethernet ports can accommodate a 2-port 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet module, a 2-port 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet module, a 2-port 1000BASE-LX Gigabit Ethernet modu...
Page 30 - Side Panels; Figure 3-4. Side panel views of the Switch; The system; Optional Plug-in Modules
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 30 Identifying External Components Side Panels The right side panel of the Switch contains two system fans (see the top part of the diagram below). The left side panel contains heat vents. Figure 3-4. Side panel views of the Switch ♦ The system fan...
Page 34 - GBIC Two-Port Module; Connects to GBIC devices at full duplex only.; Stacking Module with GBIC Port; Figure 3-10. Stacking Module with one GBIC port
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 34 Identifying External Components GBIC Two-Port Module Figure 3-9. GBIC two-port module ♦ Front-panel module. ♦ Connects to GBIC devices at full duplex only. ♦ Allows multi-mode fiber optic connections of up to 550 m (SX and LX) and single-mode fi...
Page 35 - GBIC Port; One Stacking port and one GBIC fiber port; Stacking Port; One transmitting port and one receiving port.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Identifying External Components 35 GBIC Port ♦ Front-panel module. ♦ One Stacking port and one GBIC fiber port ♦ Connects to GBIC devices at full duplex only. ♦ Allows multi-mode fiber optic connections of up to 550 m (SX and LX) and single-mode fi...
Page 36 - Figure 3-11. Up to 6 Switches in a Switch Stack
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 36 Identifying External Components Figure 3-11. Up to 6 Switches in a Switch Stack The stacking ports are marked IN and OUT . The IEEE 1394 compliant cable must be connected from an IN port on one switch to an OUT port on the next switch in the sta...
Page 37 - Switch LED Indicators; Power; This indicator on the front panel should be lit; Console; This indicator is lit green when the switch is; Stacking Module LED Indicators; under the
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Identifying External Components 37 Switch LED Indicators The LED indicators of the Switch include Power, Console, and Link/Act. The following shows the LED indicators for the Switch along with an explanation of each indicator. Figure 3-12. The LED ...
Page 38 - Figure 3-13. Stacking Module LED Indicators
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 38 Identifying External Components Figure 3-13. Stacking Module LED Indicators The Link and Act LEDs have the same function as the corresponding LEDs for the switch’s Ethernet ports. The Link LED lights to confirm a valid link, while the ACT LED bl...
Page 39 - ONNECTING; Switch to End Node
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Connecting The Switch 39 4 C ONNECTING T HE S WITCH This chapter describes how to connect the DES 3226 to your Fast Ethernet network. Switch to End Node End nodes include PCs outfitted with a 10, 100 or 10/100 Mbps RJ-45 Ethernet/Fast Ethernet Netw...
Page 40 - Figure 4-1. Switch connected to an End Node; The 100 LED indicator comes; Switch to Hub or Switch
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 40 Connecting The Switch Figure 4-1. Switch connected to an End Node The LED indicators for the port the end node is connected to are lit according to the capabilities of the NIC. If LED indicators are not illuminated after making a proper connecti...
Page 41 - Switch Stack Connections
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Connecting The Switch 41 Switch Stack Connections Up to 6 DES-3326S switches can be stacked, using the optional stacking module, into a switch stack that can then be configured and managed as a single unit. The Web-based Management agent of the Mas...
Page 42 - Figure 4-. Switch Stack connections between optional stacking; 00 LED speed indicator is
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 42 Connecting The Switch Figure 4-. Switch Stack connections between optional stacking modules 10BASE-T Device For a 10BASE-T device, the Switch’s LED indicators should display the following: ♦ 100 LED speed indicator is OFF. ♦ Link/Act indicator i...
Page 44 - WITCH; Local Console Management
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 44 Switch Management and Operating Concepts 5 S WITCH M ANAGEMENT AND O PERATING C ONCEPTS This chapter discusses many of the concepts and features used to manage the switch, as well as the concepts necessary for the user to understand the function...
Page 45 - Local
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 45 Local console management uses the terminal connection to operate the console program built-in to the switch (see Chapter 6 – Using the Console Interface). A network administrator can manage, control and m...
Page 46 - Managing Switch Stacks
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 46 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Make sure the terminal or PC you are using to make this connection is configured to match these settings. If you are having problems making this connection on a PC, make sure the emulation is set to VT-10...
Page 47 - Determining the Switch Stack Order; Stack Order; Not in use; First
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 47 • The Master Switch can be chosen automatically. Switch software auto-detects the MAC address of each Switch in the stack. The Switch with the lowest value MAC address is elected to function as the Master...
Page 48 - Switch Stacking Information
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 48 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Stack Order MAC Address 1(added Switch) 001122334450 2(original Master) 001122334451 3 001122334452 4 001122334453 5 001122334454 6 001122334455 Table 5-2. Switch Stack Order − Second You can override the...
Page 49 - Switch IP Address
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 49 Switch IP Address Each Switch must be assigned its own IP Address, which is used for communication with an SNMP network manager or other TCP/IP application (for example BOOTP, TFTP). The switch’s default ...
Page 50 - Setting an IP Address; config ipif System; Traps
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 50 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Setting an IP Address The IP address for the switch must be set before it can be managed with the web-based manager. The switch IP address may be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols, in which ...
Page 51 - Cold Start; Warm Start; This trap signifies that the Switch has; Authentication Failure; This trap signifies that
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 51 accidentally turned OFF the Switch), or less serious like a port status change. The Switch generates traps and sends them to the network manager (trap recipient). Trap recipients are special users of the ...
Page 52 - New Root; SNMP; SNMP performs the following functions:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 52 Switch Management and Operating Concepts • New Root This trap indicates that the Switch has become the new root of the Spanning Tree, the trap is sent by the switch soon after its election as the new root. This implies that upon expiration of th...
Page 53 - Modifying the configuration of network devices.; Authentication; Remote Management Setup
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 53 • Sending and receiving SNMP packets through the IP protocol. • Collecting information about the status and current configuration of network devices. • Modifying the configuration of network devices. The ...
Page 54 - This trap signifies that the Switch; This trap signifies that the; This trap signifies; Topology Change; A Topology Change trap is
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 54 Switch Management and Operating Concepts they must immediately take certain actions to avoid future failure or breakdown of the network. You can also specify which network managers may receive traps from the Switch by entering a list of the IP a...
Page 55 - Link Change Event; This trap is sent; Port Partition; This trap is sent whenever the; Broadcast\Multicast Storm; This trap is; MIBs
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 55 sent if a new root trap is sent for the same transition. • Link Change Event This trap is sent whenever the link of a port changes from link up to link down or from link down to link up. • Port Partition ...
Page 56 - Packet Forwarding
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 56 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Object-Identity (OID) at the network manager. MIB values can be either read-only or read-write. Read-only MIBs variables can be either constants that are programmed into the Switch, or variables that chan...
Page 57 - MAC Address Aging Time; Static forwarding entries are not affected by the aging time.; Filtering
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 57 other ports. This process is referred to as ‘learning’ the network topology. MAC Address Aging Time The Aging Time affects the learning process of the Switch. Dynamic forwarding table entries, which are m...
Page 58 - Some filtering is done automatically by the switch:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 58 Switch Management and Operating Concepts same port as where it originated. This keeps local packets from disrupting communications on other parts of the network. For intrusion control, whenever a switch encounters a packet originating from or de...
Page 59 - Spanning Tree; Switch; Global; level. The second level is on a port group basis.; Port; or; VLAN; level; Parameter Description
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 59 Spanning Tree The IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol allows for the blocking of links between switches that form loops within the network. When multiple links between switches are detected, a primary link...
Page 60 - Table 5-4. STP Parameters – Switch Level
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 60 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Bridge Identifier (Not user-configurable except by setting priority below) A combination of the User-set priority and the switch’s MAC address. The Bridge Identifier consists of two parts: a 16-bit priori...
Page 61 - Table 5-5. STP Parameters – Port Group Level; Bridge Protocol Data Units; The unique switch identifier
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 61 chance of a given port being elected as the root port Port Cost A value used by STP to evaluate paths – STP calculates path costs and selects the path with the minimum cost as the active path. 19 – 100Mbp...
Page 62 - One switch is elected as the root switch; Creating a Stable STP Topology
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 62 Switch Management and Operating Concepts which the packet is transmitted will receive the BPDU. BPDUs are not directly forwarded by the switch, but the receiving switch uses the information in the frame to calculate a BPDU, and, if the topology ...
Page 63 - STP Port States; Forwarding – the port is forwarding packets
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 63 STP Port States The BPDUs take some time to pass through a network. This propagation delay can result in topology changes where a port that transitioned directly from a Blocking state to a Forwarding stat...
Page 65 - Feature Default; User-Changeable STA Parameters; Priority
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 65 When STP is enabled, every port on every switch in the network goes through the blocking state and then transitions through the states of listening and learning at power up. If properly configured, each p...
Page 66 - The Hello Time cannot be longer than the Max. Age.; Forward Delay Timer; The Forward Delay can be; A Port Priority can be from 0 to 255.; Port Cost; A Port Cost can be set from 1 to 65535.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 66 Switch Management and Operating Concepts transmissions of BPDU packets sent by the Root Bridge to tell all other Switches that it is indeed the Root Bridge. If you set a Hello Time for your Switch, and it is not the Root Bridge, the set Hello Ti...
Page 67 - Illustration of STP; STP can be applied as shown in; and
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 67 Illustration of STP A simple illustration of three Bridges (or three switches) connected in a loop is depicted below. In this example, you can anticipate some major network problems if the STP assistance ...
Page 68 - Figure 5-3. Before Applying the STA Rules; In this example, only the default STP values are used.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 68 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Figure 5-3. Before Applying the STA Rules In this example, only the default STP values are used.
Page 69 - Figure 5-4. After Applying the STA Rules
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 69 Figure 5-4. After Applying the STA Rules The switch with the lowest Bridge ID (switch C) was elected the root bridge, and the ports were selected to give a high port cost between switches B and C. The two...
Page 70 - Link Aggregation; master port; of the
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 70 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Link Aggregation Link aggregation is used to combine a number of ports together to make a single high-bandwidth data pipeline. The participating parts are called members of a link aggregation group, with ...
Page 72 - VLANs; Notes About VLANs on the DES-3326S; Layer 2 Only; mode and; mode - is to assign all; IP Routing
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 72 Switch Management and Operating Concepts VLANs A VLAN is a collection of end nodes grouped by logic rather than physical location. End nodes that frequently communicate with each other are assigned to the same VLAN, regardless of where they are ...
Page 73 - Some relevant terms:; Tagging; tagging; Q VLAN Packet Forwarding
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 73 IEEE 802.1Q VLANs Some relevant terms: Tagging - The act of putting 802.1Q VLAN information into the header of a packet. Untagging - The act of stripping 802.1Q VLAN information out of the packet header. ...
Page 76 - Port VLAN ID; are referred to as
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 76 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Figure 5-8. Adding an IEEE 802.1Q Tag Port VLAN ID Packets that are tagged (are carrying the 802.1Q VID information) can be transmitted from one 802.1Q compliant network device to another with the VLAN in...
Page 78 - Tagging and Untagging; Every port on an 802.1Q compliant switch can be configured as; Ingress Filtering; ingress
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 78 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Tagging and Untagging Every port on an 802.1Q compliant switch can be configured as tagging or untagging. Ports with tagging enabled will put the VID number, priority and other VLAN information into the h...
Page 79 - ingress filtering; VLANs in Layer 2 Only Mode
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 79 and the destination port transmits it to its attached network segment. If the packet is not tagged with VLAN information, the ingress port will tag the packet with its own PVID as a VID (if the port is a ...
Page 80 - VLAN – regardless of the; Switch Operation; IP Addressing and Subnetting; IP Address; – the unique number ID assigned to each host or
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 80 Switch Management and Operating Concepts A VLAN that does not have a corresponding IP interface defined for it, will function as a Layer 2 Only VLAN – regardless of the Switch Operation mode. Layer 3-Based VLANs Layer 3-based VLANs use network-l...
Page 81 - IP Addresses
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 81 • Subnet – a portion of a network sharing a particular network address. • Subnet mask – a 32-bit number used to describe which portion of a Network Address refers to the subnet and which portion refers to...
Page 82 - The dots are included to make the numbers easier to read.; Table 5-8. Binary to Decimal Conversion
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 82 Switch Management and Operating Concepts grouped together in bytes, or eight bits. (A bit is a binary digit – either a “1” or a “0”). The dots (periods) simply make the IP address easier to read. A computer sees an IP address not as four decimal...
Page 83 - power (any number raised to the; Address Classes; Class D addresses are reserved for multicasting.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 83 Each digit in an 8-bit binary number (an octet) represents a power of two. The left-most digit represents 2 raised to the 7 th power (2x2x2x2x2x2x2=128) while the right-most digit represents 2 raised to t...
Page 84 - Network Address; Subnet Masking
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 84 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Class E Addresses are reserved for future use. They are not used for node addresses. The part of the IP address that belongs to the network is the part that is ‘hidden’ by the ‘1’s in the subnet mask. Thi...
Page 85 - Subnet Address; Calculating the Number of Subnets and Nodes; – 2) where n = the number of bits in either the subnet mask
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 85 The Default subnet masks are: • Class A – 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 255.0.0.0 • Class B – 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 255.255.0.0 • Class C – 1111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 255.255.2...
Page 86 - Classless InterDomain Routing – CIDR
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 86 Switch Management and Operating Concepts This example uses an 11-bit subnet mask. (There are 3 additional bits added to the default Class A subnet mask). So the number of subnets is: 2 3 – 2 = 8 – 2 = 6 Subnets of all “0”s and all “1”s are not a...
Page 88 - Setting up IP Interfaces; An example is presented below:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 88 Switch Management and Operating Concepts 8 255.255.255.0 /24 254 254 64516 9 255.255.255.128 /25 510 126 64260 10 255.255.255.192 /26 1022 62 63364 11 255.255.255.224 /27 2046 30 61380 12 255.255.255.240 /28 4094 14 57316 13 255.255.255.248 /29 ...
Page 89 - Table 5-12. VLAN Example – Assigned Ports; Table 5-13. VLAN Example – Assigned IP Addresses
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 89 Backbone 6 25, 26 Table 5-12. VLAN Example – Assigned Ports In this case, 6 IP interfaces are required, so a CIDR notation of 10.32.0.0/11 (or a 11-bit) addressing scheme will work. This addressing scheme...
Page 90 - Setup IP Interface; Internet Protocols
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 90 Switch Management and Operating Concepts The 6 IP interfaces, each with an IP address (listed in the table above), and a subnet mask of 255.224.0.0 can be entered into the Setup IP Interface menu. Layer 3-Based VLANs Layer 3-based VLANs use netw...
Page 91 - Protocol Layering; Figure 5-8. OSI Seven Layer Network Model
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 91 Protocol Layering The Internet Protocol (IP) divides the tasks necessary to route and forward packets across networks by using a layered approach. Each layer has clearly defined tasks, protocol, and inter...
Page 93 - Layer 1
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 93 Between two protocol stacks, members of the same layer are known as peers and communicate by well-known (open and published) protocols. Within a protocol stack, adjacent layers communicate by an internal ...
Page 94 - Layer 3
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 94 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Layer 2 switching forwards packets based on the unique MAC address of each end station and offers high-performance, dedicated-bandwidth of Fast or Gigibit Ethernet within the network. Layer 2 does not ord...
Page 95 - Layer 7
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 95 communicating. TCP and UDP are well-known protocols in the transport layer. TCP is a “connection-oriented” protocol, and requires the establishment of parameters for transmission prior to the exchange of ...
Page 97 - Packet Headers; TCP
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 97 The information required for IP to do its job is contained in a series of octets added to the beginning of the packet called headers. A header contains a few octets of data added to the packet by the prot...
Page 99 - IP
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 99 The window field controls the amount of data being sent at any one time. It would require too much time and overhead to acknowledge each packet received. Each end of the TCP connection declares how much d...
Page 100 - Ethernet
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 100 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Figure 5-11. IP Packet Header The flags and fragment offset are used to keep track of packets that must be divided among several smaller packets to cross networks for which they are too large. The Time-t...
Page 102 - TCP and UDP Well-Known Ports
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 102 Switch Management and Operating Concepts TCP and UDP Well-Known Ports Application protocols run ‘on top of’ TCP/IP. When an application wants to send data or a message, it gives the data to TCP. Because TCP and IP take care of the networking de...
Page 103 - Internet; UDP and ICMP
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 103 No two TCP connection can have the same set of numbers, but only one number needs to be different. It is possible, for example, for two users to send files to the same destination at the same time. This ...
Page 105 - The Domain Name System; DNS Relay; servers are identified by IP addresses.; Mapping Domain Names to Addresses
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 105 The Domain Name System Computer users usually prefer to use text names for computers they may want to open a connection with. Computers themselves, require 32 bit IP addresses. Somewhere, a database of n...
Page 106 - DHCP Servers
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 106 Switch Management and Operating Concepts entire name translation, or simply return the address of the next DNS server if the server receiving the query cannot resolve the name. When a DNS server receives a query, it checks to see if the name is...
Page 107 - The DHCP servers are identified by IP addresses.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 107 Usually, it is a network policy to assign the same IP address to a given network device or computer each time. If the IP address lease expires, the network device sends a message to the DHCP server reque...
Page 108 - Packet Fragmentation and Reassembly
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 108 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Gateways connect a network with one or more other networks. Gateways can be a computer with two network interfaces or a specialized device with multiple network interfaces. The device is designed to forw...
Page 109 - ARP
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 109 When IP is transmitting large files, large packets are much more efficient than small ones. It is preferable to use the largest possible packet size, but still be able to cross networks that require smal...
Page 110 - Multicasting; Multicast Groups
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 110 Switch Management and Operating Concepts computer has an entry. If it does, the local computer reads the remote computer’s MAC address and writes it into the destination field of the packets to be sent. If the remote computer does not have an A...
Page 111 - Address Assignment
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 111 Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for special purposes. For example, the block of multicast addresses ranging from 224.0.0.1 to 224.0.0.225 is reserved for use by routing protocols and some othe...
Page 112 - through; Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 112 Switch Management and Operating Concepts 224.0.0.11 Mobile Agents 224.0.0.12 DHCP Servers and Relay Agents 224.0.0.13 All PIM Routers 224.0.0.14 RSVP Encapsulation 224.0.0.15 All CBT Routers 224.0.0.16 Designated Sbm 224.0.0.17 All Sbms 224.0.0...
Page 113 - IGMP Versions 1 and 2; The IGMP Type codes are shown below:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 113 the router should forward multicast packets it receives to the subnetworks it is attached to or not. A multicast router that has received a multicast packet will check to determine if there is at least o...
Page 115 - Multicast Routing Algorithms
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 115 The transition states a host will go through to join or leave a multicast group are shown in the diagram below. Figure 5-16. IGMP State Transitions Multicast Routing Algorithms An algorithm is not a prog...
Page 116 - Flooding
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 116 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Flooding The simplest algorithm for the delivery of multicast packets is for the multicast router to forward a multicast packet to all interfaces. This is referred to as flooding. An equally simple refin...
Page 119 - Multicast Routing Protocols; Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP)
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 119 Multicast Routing Protocols This section contains an overview of two multicast routing protocols – Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP), and Protocol Independent Multicast-Dense Mode (PIM-D...
Page 120 - Protocol-Independent Multicast – Dense Mode; Routing Protocols
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 120 Switch Management and Operating Concepts other routers will discard multicast packets from that source. If two multicast routers on a network have the same distance back to a multicast source, the router with the lowest IP address is elected. D...
Page 122 - RIP Version 1 Message Format
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 122 Switch Management and Operating Concepts RIP can also be slow to converge (to remove inconsistent, unreachable or looped routes from the routing table) because RIP messages propagate relatively slowly through a network. Slow convergence can be ...
Page 124 - RIP 1 Message
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 124 Switch Management and Operating Concepts The COMMAND field specifies an operation according the following table: Command Meaning 1 Request for partial or full routing information 2 Response containing network-distance pairs from sender’s routin...
Page 125 - RIP 1 Route Interpretation
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 125 The distances, measured in router hops are entered in the Distance to Source Network, and Distance to Destination Network fields. RIP 1 Route Interpretation RIP was designed to be used with classed addre...
Page 126 - algorithm to determine routes to network
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 126 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Figure 5-18. RIP Message Format RIP version 2 also adds a 16-bit route tag that is retained and sent with router updates. It can be used to identify the origin of the route. Because the version number in...
Page 127 - Border; The Link-State Algorithm
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 127 “state” is a description of that interface and its relationship to neighboring routers. The state contains information such as the IP address, subnet mask, type of network the interface is attached to, o...
Page 128 - When OSPF is started, or when a change in the; The Shortest Path Algorithm
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 128 Switch Management and Operating Concepts 1. When OSPF is started, or when a change in the routing information changes, the router generates a link-state advertisement. This advertisement is a specially formatted packet that contains information...
Page 129 - OSPF Cost
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 129 area) even though every router in the area will have and use the exact same link-state database. The following sections describe the information used to build the Shortest Path Tree. OSPF Cost Each OSPF ...
Page 130 - Figure 5-19. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 130 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Figure 5-19. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree
Page 131 - Figure 5-20. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 131 Router A Router B Router D 128.213.0.0 192.213.11.0 222.211.10.0 0 10 5 5 10 10 10 Router C Figure 5-20. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree The diagram above shows the network from the viewpoint of Router...
Page 132 - Areas and Border Routers
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 132 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Router A Router B 128.213.0.0 192.213.11.0 0 10 5 10 10 Router C 222.211.10.0 Figure 5-21. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree - Completed Note that this shortest path tree is only from the viewpoint of Ro...
Page 133 - Router Link-State Updates
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 133 receive particular link-state updates are located. This helps ensure that routing updates are not flooded throughout the entire network and to reduce the amount of bandwidth consumed by updating the vari...
Page 135 - OSPF Authentication
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 135 OSPF Authentication OSPF packets can be authenticated as coming from trusted routers by the use of predefined passwords. The default for routers is to use not authentication. There are two other authenti...
Page 136 - Virtual Links; Virtual links accomplish two purposes:; Areas Not Physically Connected to Area 0
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 136 Switch Management and Operating Concepts backbone through a router. OSPF allows routing information to be distributed by forwarding it into area 0, from which the information can be forwarded to all other areas (and all other routers) on the ne...
Page 137 - Neighbors; Area ID; two routers having a common segment; OSPF allows for the; Hello and Dead Intervals; The Hello interval
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 137 configured between two border routers that both have a connection to their respective area 0s. Neighbors Routers that are connected to the same area or segment become neighbors in that area. Neighbors ar...
Page 138 - Stub Area Flag; any two routers also have to; Adjacencies
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 138 Switch Management and Operating Concepts segment and to elect a Designated Router on multi-access segments. OSPF requires these intervals to be exactly the same between any two neighbors. If any of these intervals are different, these routers w...
Page 139 - Down; No information has been received from; Attempt; The interface has detected a Hello packet; Exstart; Routers will describe their entire
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 139 • Down − No information has been received from any router on the segment. • Attempt − On non-broadcast multi-access networks (such as Frame Relay or X.25), this state indicates that no recent information...
Page 140 - Loading; Adjacencies on Point-to-Point Interfaces
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 140 Switch Management and Operating Concepts • Loading − The routers are finalizing the information exchange. Routers have link-state request list and a link-state retransmission list. Any information that looks incomplete or outdated will be put o...
Page 141 - The OSPF Packet Header; Field Description
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 141 The OSPF Packet Header Every OSPF packet is preceded by a common 24 byte header. This header contains the information necessary for a receiving router to determine if the packet should be accepted for fu...
Page 143 - authentication scheme.; The Hello Packet; The format of the Hello packet is shown below:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 143 authentication scheme. Table 5-16. OSPF Packet Header The Hello Packet Hello packets are OSPF packet type 1. They are sent periodically on all interfaces, including virtual links, in order to establish a...
Page 144 - Hello Packet
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 144 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Hello Packet 1 Router ID Area ID Version No. Checksum Auth Authentication Authentication Network Mask Hello Interval Optio Router Dead Interval Designated Router Backup Designated Rout Neighbor Packet Le...
Page 146 - The Database Description Packet; Database Description Packet; Figure 5-24. Database Description Packet; Options The
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 146 Switch Management and Operating Concepts The Database Description Packet Database Description packets are OSPF packet type 2. These packets are exchanged when an adjacency is being initialized. They describe the contents of the topological data...
Page 147 - I – bit; Table 5-18. Database Description Packet
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 147 I – bit The Initial bit. When set to 1, this packet is the first in the sequence of Database Description packets. M – bit The More bit. When set to 1, this indicates that more Database Description packet...
Page 148 - The Link-State Request Packet; The format of the Link-State Request packet is shown below:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 148 Switch Management and Operating Concepts The Link-State Request Packet Link-State Request packets are OSPF packet type 3. After exchanging Database Description packets with a neighboring router, a router may find that parts of its topological d...
Page 149 - The Link-State Update Packet; The format of the Link-State Update packet is shown below:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 149 Figure 5-25. Link-State Request Packet Each advertisement requested is specified by its Link-State Type, Link-State ID, and Advertising Router. This uniquely identifies the advertisement, but not its ins...
Page 150 - Link-State Update Packet; The Link-State Acknowledgment Packet
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 150 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Version No. Pa Router ID Area ID Au Authentication Authentication Checksum Link-State Update Packet 4 Number of Advertisemen Link-State Advertisement cket Length thentication Type ts s ... Figure 5-26. L...
Page 151 - Link-State Acknowledgment P; Link-State Advertisement Formats
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 151 AllSPFRouters, to the multicast address AllDRouters, or as a unicast packet. The format of this packet is similar to that of the Data Description packet. The body of both packets is simply a list of link...
Page 152 - Router Links Advertisements; The Link State Advertisement Header
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 152 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Each link-state advertisement describes a piece of the OSPF routing domain. Every router originates a router links advertisement. In addition, whenever the router is elected as the Designated Router, it ...
Page 153 - Link-State Advertisement
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 153 Link-State Advertisement Link-State Age Optio Link-State ID Advertising Router Link-State Sequence Numb Link-State Checksum Header ns Link-State Type er Length Figure 5-28. Link-State Advertisement Heade...
Page 155 - Length; The format of the Router Links Advertisement is shown below:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 155 the link state advertisement header by excepting the Link State Age field. Length The length in bytes of the link state advertisement. This includes the 20-byte link state advertisement header. Table 5-1...
Page 156 - Routers Links Advertisemen; Figure 5-29. Routers Links Advertisement
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 156 Switch Management and Operating Concepts Link-State Age Optio Link-State ID Advertising Router Link-State Sequence Num Link-State Checksum Routers Links Advertisemen Reserved Reserved N Link ID Link Data Type No. Of TOS TOS ... TOS ... Link ID ...
Page 157 - V – bit; Table 5-20. Routers Links Advertisement
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 157 Field Description V – bit When set, the router is an endpoint of an active virtual link that is using the described area as a Transit area (V is for Virtual link endpoint). E – bit When set, the router i...
Page 159 - address
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 159 router’s Router ID. 2 IP address of Designated Router. 3 IP network/subnet number. 4 Neighboring router’s Router ID Link Data Contents again depend on the link’s Type field. For connections to stub netwo...
Page 160 - Table 5-21. Routers Links Advertisements; TOS; Table 5-22. Routers Links Advertisement; Network Links Advertisements
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 160 Switch Management and Operating Concepts are given, this field should be set to 0. TOS 0 Metric The cost of using this router link for TOS 0. Table 5-21. Routers Links Advertisements − Continued For each link, separate metrics may be specified ...
Page 161 - The format of the Network Links Advertisement is shown below:; Figure 5-30. Network Link Advertisement; Network Mask
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 161 attached to the network, including the Designated Router itself. The advertisement’s Link State ID field lists the IP interface address of the Designated Router. The distance form the network to all atta...
Page 162 - Summary Link Advertisements; Summary Link Advertisement
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 162 Switch Management and Operating Concepts adjacent to the Designated Router (DR) are listed. The DR includes itself in this list. Table 5-23. Network Link Advertisement Summary Link Advertisements Summary link advertisements are Type 3 and 4 lin...
Page 163 - Figure 5-31. Summary Link Advertisement; Network
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 163 Figure 5-31. Summary Link Advertisement For stub area, Type 3 summary link advertisements can also be used to describe a default route on a per-area basis. Default summary routes are used in stub area in...
Page 164 - Autonomous Systems External Link Advertisements
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 164 Switch Management and Operating Concepts advertisements. Table 5-24. Summary Link Advertisement Autonomous Systems External Link Advertisements Autonomous Systems (AS) link advertisements are Type 5 link state advertisements. These advertisemen...
Page 165 - AS External Link Advertisem; Figure 5-32. AS External Link Advertisement
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Management and Operating Concepts 165 Link-State Age Optio Link-State ID Advertising Router Link-State Sequence Num Link-State Checksum Network Mask TOS Metric AS External Link Advertisem Forwarding Address External Route Tag E ns ber Length...
Page 166 - Forwarding; Table 5-25. AS External System Advertisement
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 166 Switch Management and Operating Concepts metric. Forwarding Address Data traffic for the advertised destination will be forwarded to this address. If the Forwarding Address is set to 0.0.0.0, data traffic will be forwarded instead to the advert...
Page 167 - EB; Introduction
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 167 6 W EB -B ASED S WITCH M ANAGEMENT Introduction The DES-3226 offers an embedded Web-based (HTML) interface allowing users to manage the switch from anywhere on the network through a standard browser such as Netscape ...
Page 168 - Before You Start; General Deployment Strategy; Switch Management Concepts; section titled; for more information.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 168 Web-Based Switch Management Before You Start The DES-3326S Layer 3 Switch supports a wide array of functions and gives great flexibility and increased network performance by eliminating the routing bottleneck between the WAN or Internet and the...
Page 169 - VLAN Layout
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 169 4. Determine how each subnet will communicate with the WAN or Internet. Again, static routes should be determined and default gateways identified. 5. Develop a security scheme. Some subnets on the network need more s...
Page 171 - Defining Static Routes; Getting Started; The Factory default IP address for the switch is; Manager
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 171 Defining Static Routes Routes between the IP interfaces and a default gateway or other router with a WAN connection should be determined beforehand and entered into the static/default routing table on the DES-3326S. ...
Page 172 - This opens the management module’s main page.; Configuring the Switch; User Accounts Management; From the; Main Menu; User Account Management; menu
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 172 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-1. Login Button This opens the management module’s main page. The switch management features available in the web-based are explained below. Configuring the Switch User Accounts Management From the Main Menu...
Page 173 - Figure 6-2. User Accounts Control Table; Click; New; User; Click on; APPLY; to make the user addition effective.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 173 Figure 6-2. User Accounts Control Table Click New to add a user. Figure 6-3. User Accounts Control Table - Edit 1. Enter the new user name, assign an initial password, and then confirm the new password. Determine whe...
Page 174 - Save Changes; Admin and User Privileges; Admin
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 174 Web-Based Switch Management changes (including User additions or updates) must be entered into non-volatile ram using the Save Changes command on the Main Menu - if you want these changes to be permanent. Admin and User Privileges There are two...
Page 175 - Saving Changes; Apply
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 175 The following table summarizes the Root, User+ and User privileges: Switch Configuration Privilege Management Admin User Configuration Yes Read Only Network Monitoring Yes Read Only Community Strings and Trap Station...
Page 176 - To retain any configuration changes permanently, highlight; from the; . The following screen will; Save Configuration; button to save the current
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 176 Web-Based Switch Management When this is done, the settings will be immediately applied to the switching software in RAM, and will immediately take effect. Some settings, though, require you to restart the switch before they will take effect. R...
Page 177 - Figure 6-5. Save Configuration Confirmation; Click the; OK; Factory Reset; All user-entered configuration information will be lost.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 177 Figure 6-5. Save Configuration Confirmation Click the OK button to continue. Once the switch configuration settings have been saved to NV-RAM, they become the default settings for the switch. These settings will be u...
Page 178 - Yes; USING WEB-BASED MANAGEMENT; Setting Up Web Management
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 178 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-6. Factory Reset Screen Click Yes if you want the switch to retain its current IP address. Click No to reset the switch’s IP address to the factory default, 10.90.90.90 (with a Subnet Mask of 255.0.0.0 and D...
Page 180 - Saving Configuration Changes
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 180 Web-Based Switch Management Where the x ’s represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the y ’s represent the corresponding subnet mask. 4. Alternatively, you can enter DES3326S4# − enter the commands config ipi...
Page 181 - Starting and Stopping the Web-based Manager; Do the following to use the web-based manager:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 181 Figure 6-7. Save Changes Screen Starting and Stopping the Web-based Manager Do the following to use the web-based manager: 1. Start a Java-enabled Web browser from any machine with network access to the switch. (Pref...
Page 182 - button to continue. The default user has; Web-based Manager’s User Interface
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 182 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-8. Password Dialog Box 1. Thers is no default User Name or Password. Click the OK button to continue. The default user has Admin privileges. 2. The full application will now launch. A three-frame page will d...
Page 183 - Areas of the User Interface
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 183 Areas of the User Interface The figure below shows the user interface. The user interface is divided into 3 distinct areas as described in the table. Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Figure 6-9. Main Web-Manager Screen
Page 184 - Area Function; Allows the selection of commands.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 184 Web-Based Switch Management Area Function 1 Presents a graphical near real-time image of the front panel of the switch. This area displays the switch’s ports and expansion modules, showing port activity, duplex mode, or flow control, depending ...
Page 185 - Setting Up The Switch; Basic Setup; Switch Information; link in the; Configuration
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 185 This section, arranged by topic, describes how to perform common monitoring and configuration tasks on the DES-3326Ss switch using the Web-based Manager, you can perform any of the tasks described in the following se...
Page 186 - Figure 6-10. Switch Information – Basic Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 186 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-10. Switch Information – Basic Settings
Page 187 - To set the switch’s IP address:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 187 The Switch Information window shows which (if any) external modules are installed, and the switch’s MAC Address (assigned by the factory and unchangeable). In addition, the Boot PROM and Firmware Version numbers are ...
Page 189 - Manual
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 189 The switch’s factory default IP address is 10.90.90.90 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0 and a default gateway of 0.0.0.0. To manually assign the switch’s IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway address: Select Ma...
Page 190 - central; DHCP; is a number (represented in; Subnet Mask; where each
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 190 Web-Based Switch Management addresses, network masks, and default gateways to be assigned by a central BOOTP server. If this option is set, the Switch will first look for a BOOTP server to provide it with this information before using the defau...
Page 192 - SNMP Settings; To setup the switch for remote management:; Management Station IP; fields, then only stations with the IP
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 192 Web-Based Switch Management SNMP Settings Some settings must be entered to allow the switch to be managed from an SNMP-based Network Management System such as SNMP v1 or to be able to access the Switch using the Telnet protocol or the Web Manag...
Page 193 - Configuring Community Strings; To configure SNMP Community strings, click on the; read only; public; allows the user using the above; private
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 193 addresses entered will be allowed to access the switch to manage or configure it. Configuring Community Strings To configure SNMP Community strings, click on the SNMP Community Setup link. This window is used to crea...
Page 194 - Setting Up Trap Receivers; Network Management; trap recipients can be setup from the following window:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 194 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-13. SNMP Community Setup Setting Up Trap Receivers This allows the switch to send traps (messages about errors, etc.) to management stations on the network. Click the SNMP Trap Recipients link in the Network...
Page 195 - Enabled; Stacking Information
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 195 Figure 6-14. Trap Receivers The IP Address field is the IP address of a management station (a computer) that is configured to receive the SNMP traps from the switch. The SNMP Community String is similar to a password...
Page 196 - The number of switches in the switch stack (up to 6; Stack Information; link. This link is visible only when a
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 196 Web-Based Switch Management management agent. To change a switch’s order in the stack, you must use the console Command Line Interface. The number of switches in the switch stack (up to 6 − total) are displayed in the upper right-hand corner of...
Page 198 - Figure 6-18. The Stacking Module’s Front Panel
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 198 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-18. The Stacking Module’s Front Panel Notice the Link and Act LEDs. These LEDs have the same function as the corresponding LEDs for the switch’s Ethernet ports. The Link LED lights to confirm a valid link, w...
Page 199 - Figure 6-19. Console CLI show stack Command
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 199 Entering the show stacking command with no parameters returns all of the relevant stacking information for all of the switches in the stack: Figure 6-19. Console CLI show stack Command The same switch stack informati...
Page 200 - the master switch. This switch
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 200 Web-Based Switch Management switch’s MAC address. The lowest MAC address in the switch stack will become Unit 1 (the Master Switch), the next highest MAC address will become Unit 2, and so on. This is the switch’s default mode. master The switc...
Page 201 - config stacking mode slave; You can then use the; show stacking; command to verify the
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 201 config stacking mode slave This will configure the switch with MAC address 00-00-00-22-22-00 to always have a Unit number greater than 1 (as a slave ). Now you will have to move the management stations’s console conn...
Page 202 - Configure Ports; Port Configurations; link from the
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 202 Web-Based Switch Management Configure Ports Click the Port Configurations link from the Basic Setup folder: Figure 6-21. Port Configurations
Page 204 - Locking a Port’s MAC Address Learning
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 204 Web-Based Switch Management Use the State< Enabled > pull-down menu to either enable or disable a given port. Use the Speed/Duplex< Auto > pull-down menu to either select the speed and duplex/half-duplex state of the port. Auto – au...
Page 205 - Auto; Serial Port Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 205 and 100 Mbps devices, full- or half-duplex. The Auto setting allows the port to automatically determine the fastest settings the device the port is connected to can handle, and then to use those settings. The other o...
Page 206 - Use the; or the; SLIP; The following fields can then be set:; Console Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 206 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-23. Serial Port Settings Use the Select Protocol < Console > pull-down menu to select either the Console or the SLIP protocol. The following fields can then be set: Console Settings Parameter Descripti...
Page 207 - interface uses 8 data bits.; Stop Bits
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 207 interface uses 8 data bits. Stop Bits Displays the number of bits used to indicate that a word has been completely transmitted. The console interface uses 1 stop bit. Auto-Logout This sets the time the interface can ...
Page 208 - Advanced Setup; Configuring VLANs; To create a new 802.1Q VLAN
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 208 Web-Based Switch Management Advanced Setup Changing switch operation mode setting changes some of the menus and configuration options for the Advanced Setup of the switch. The configuration data for each mode is, however, saved when the switch’...
Page 209 - Delete; To create a new 802.1Q VLAN, click the New button
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 209 Figure 6-24. 802.1Q VLANs To delete an existing 802.1Q VLAN, click the corresponding click-box to the left of the VLAN you want to delete from the switch and then click the Delete button. To create a new 802.1Q VLAN,...
Page 210 - Add
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 210 Web-Based Switch Management To edit an existing 802.1Q VLAN, click the corresponding click-box and then click the Edit icon to open the following dialog box : Figure 6-26. 802.1Q Static VLANs Entry Settings – Edit The following fields can then ...
Page 211 - for editing the VLAN name in the
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 211 VLAN Name Allows the entry of a name for the new VLAN in the Add dialog box, or for editing the VLAN name in the Edit dialog box. Port Allows an individual port to be specified as member of a VLAN. Tagged/Untagged Al...
Page 212 - The; GVRP; can be used to limit traffic by filtering incoming
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 212 Web-Based Switch Management the VLAN and that the port is forbidden from becoming a member of the VLAN dynamically. The Port VLAN ID (PVID) dialog box, shown below, allows you to determine whether the switch will share its VLAN configuration in...
Page 214 - To enable or disable GVRP, globally, on the switch; VLAN Configurations; link and click on the
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 214 Web-Based Switch Management Ingress filtering. To enable or disable GVRP, globally, on the switch : Go to the VLAN Configurations link and click on the Switch GVRP link: Figure 6-28. – Switch GVRP Parameter Description GVRP < disabled> Gr...
Page 215 - Layer 3 IP Networking; To access the Layer 3 IP Networking links, select; Configure; Setting Up IP Interfaces; Table 6-3. VLAN Example – Assigned Ports
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 215 Layer 3 IP Networking To access the Layer 3 IP Networking links, select Configure Layer 3 - IP Networking from the Advanced Setup folder. Setting Up IP Interfaces Each VLAN must be configured prior to setting up the ...
Page 216 - Table 6-4. VLAN Example – Assigned IP Interfaces; To setup IP Interfaces on the switch:; folder, and click on the; Layer 3 IP; link, and then click on the; Setup IP Interfaces; link to open the following dialog box:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 216 Web-Based Switch Management Using a 10.xxx.xxx.xxx IP address notation, the above example would give 6 network addresses and 6 subnets. Any IP address from the allowed range of IP addresses for each subnet can be chosen as an IP address for an ...
Page 217 - To setup an new IP interface, click the New button:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 217 Figure 6-29. Setup IP Interface To setup an new IP interface, click the New button: Figure 6-30. Setup IP Interface – Add To edit an existing IP interface, click on the Edit button:
Page 218 - Figure 6-31. Setup IP Interface – Edit
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 218 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-31. Setup IP Interface – Edit Choose a name for the interface to be added and enter it in the Interface Name field (if you are editing an IP Interface, the Interface Name will already be in the top field as ...
Page 219 - Setup the Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 219 interface. Subnet Mask This field allows the entry of a subnet mask to be applied to this IP interface. VLAN Name This field allows the entry of the VLAN Name for the VLAN the IP interface belongs to. Active < Yes...
Page 220 - To configure RIP on the switch, highlight; Setup RIP; RIP Settings; This will open the following dialog box:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 220 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-32. RIP Status This window allows RIP to be globally enabled and disabled on the switch without changing the RIP configuration. To configure RIP on the switch, highlight Setup RIP from the RIP Settings folde...
Page 221 - The following fields can be set:; RX Mode; Toggle among
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 221 To edit a RIP configuration, click the corresponding Interface Name click-box and then click the Edit button: Figure 6-34. Setup RIP – Edit The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Interface Name The na...
Page 222 - Password; Disabled; OSPF; MD5 Key Table Configuration
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 222 Web-Based Switch Management < Disabled > Only , and V1 and V2 . This entry specifies which version of the RIP protocol will be used to interpret received RIP packets. Disabled prevents the reception of RIP packets. Password A password to ...
Page 224 - Setup OSPF; OSPF General Setup; dialog box allows OSPF to be enabled; AS; The following parameters can be set or are displayed:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 224 Web-Based Switch Management Setup OSPF The OSPF General Setup dialog box allows OSPF to be enabled or disabled on the switch − without changing the switch’s OSPF configuration. In addition, the switch can be designated as an Autonomous System (...
Page 225 - Current Route ID; Autonomous System Border Router; State; OSPF Area Setting; Normal; Stub
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 225 this case, it would be 10.255.255.255, but any unique 32-bit number will do. If 0.0.0.0 is entered, the highest IP address assigned to the switch will become the OSPF Route ID. Current Route ID Displays the OSPF Rout...
Page 226 - This field can be toggled between
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 226 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-37. OSPF Area Setting The following fields can be set or are displayed: Parameter Description Area ID A 32-bit number in the form of an IP address (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) that uniquely identifies the OSPF area in ...
Page 227 - None; OSPF Interface Configuration; Figure 6-38. OSPF Interface Configuration; button. This will open the
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 227 65,535. The default is None (0). Remove Allows for the removal of the selected OSPF Area from the list. OSPF Interface Configuration To configure an OSPF Interface, click on the OSPF Interface Configuration link: Fig...
Page 228 - Figure 6-39. OSPF Interface Configuration
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 228 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-39. OSPF Interface Configuration The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Interface Name Displays the of an IP interface previously configured on the switch. Area ID Allows the entry of an OSPF...
Page 230 - field allows the; Metric
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 230 Web-Based Switch Management MD5 Key Table Configuration menu. When MD5 is selected, the Auth Key ID:[ ] field allows the specification of the Key ID as defined in the MD5 configuration above. This must be the same MD5 Key as used by the neighbo...
Page 231 - Figure 6-40. OSPF Interface Configuration; Virtual Interface Configuration
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 231 Figure 6-40. OSPF Interface Configuration − Monitor Virtual Interface Configuration Virtual Interfaces are used by OSPF to link areas that do not have a physical connection to the backbone (also called Area 0) or to ...
Page 232 - Figure 6-41. Virtual Interface Configuration
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 232 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-41. Virtual Interface Configuration The following fields can be set or are displayed: Parameter Description Transit Area ID Allows the entry of an OSPF Area ID − previously defined on the switch − that allow...
Page 233 - Area Aggregation Configuration; Figure 6-42. OSPF Area Aggregation Configuration; The following fields can be set or are displayed:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 233 Area Aggregation Configuration Area Aggregation allows all of the routing information that may be contained within an area to be aggregated into a summary LSDB advertisement of just the network address and subnet mas...
Page 234 - Network Number; Route Redistribution Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 234 Web-Based Switch Management Network Number Sometimes called the Network Address. The 32-bit number in the form of an IP address that uniquely identifies the network that corresponds to the OSPF Area above. Advertisement This field can be toggle...
Page 235 - Figure 6-43. Route Redistribution Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 235 Figure 6-43. Route Redistribution Settings The following fields can be set or are displayed: Parameter Description Source Protocol Allows the selection of the protocol of the source device. Available choices are RIP,...
Page 236 - Count in the RIP routing protocol.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 236 Web-Based Switch Management Count in the RIP routing protocol.
Page 237 - IP Multicasting; enabled; Figure 6-44. Multicast Global Configurations
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 237 IP Multicasting The functions supporting IP multicasting are added found under the IP Multicast Routing Protocols folder, from the Layer 3 IP Networking folder. IGMP Snooping , DVMRP , and PIM-DM can be enabled or di...
Page 238 - IGMP Snooping Settings; To configure IGMP Snooping
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 238 Web-Based Switch Management IGMP Snooping, DVMRP, and PIM-DM routing protocols can be individually enabled or disabled, globally on the switch − without changing the individual protocol’s configuration from the above window. IGMP Snooping Setti...
Page 239 - Query; IGMP Interface Configuration
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 239 and Enabled . This is used to enable or disable IGMP Snooping for the specified VID. Query Allows the entry of a value between 1 and 65500 seconds, with a default of 125 seconds. This specifies the length of time bet...
Page 240 - dialog box. To configure IGMP; Edit; Figure 6-47. IGMP Interface Configuration
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 240 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-46. IGMP Interface Setup The Internet Group Multicasting Protocol (IGMP) can be configured on the switch on a per-IP interface basis. Each IP interface configured on the switch is displayed in the above IGMP...
Page 241 - System
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 241 This dialog box allows the configuration of IGMP for each IP interface configured on the switch. IGMP can be configured as Version 1 or 2 by toggling the Version field using the pull-down menu. The length of time bet...
Page 242 - DVMRP Interface Configuration; To configure DVMRP for an IP interface; Figure 6-48. DVMRP Interface Configuration
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 242 Web-Based Switch Management < 125 > 125 seconds. This specifies the length of time between sending IGMP queries. Max Response Time < 10 > Sets the maximum amount of time allowed before sending an IGMP response report. A value betwee...
Page 243 - Figure 6-49. DVMRP Interface Configuration; The Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (; DVMRP
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 243 Figure 6-49. DVMRP Interface Configuration − Edit This menu allows the Distance-Vector Multicast Routing Protocol to be configured for each IP interface defined on the switch. The Distance Vector Multicast Routing Pr...
Page 244 - This field allows an entry between
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 244 Web-Based Switch Management When a sender initiates a multicast, DVMRP initially assumes that all users on the network will want to receive the multicast message. When an adjacent router receives the message, it checks its unicast routing table...
Page 246 - The Protocol Independent Multicast; PIM-DM Interface Configurations; dialog box
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 246 Web-Based Switch Management PIM-DM has no explicit ‘join’ messages. It relies upon periodic flooding of multicast messages to all interfaces and then either waiting for a timer to expire (the Join/Prune Interval ) or for the downstream routers ...
Page 247 - This field allows an entry of between
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 247 To configure PIM-DM for a given IP Interface, click the corresponding click-box and then click the Edit button: Figure 6-51. PIM-DM Interface Configuration − Edit The following fields can be set: Parameter Descriptio...
Page 248 - Static Router Port Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 248 Web-Based Switch Management Join/Prune Interval < 60 > This field allows an entry of between 0 and 18724 seconds. This interval also determines the time interval the router uses to automatically remove prune information from a branch of a...
Page 249 - To setup a static router port; link under the; heading and signified by a
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 249 • All UDP multicast packets will be forwarded to the router port. Because routers do not send IGMP reports or implement IGMP snooping, a multicast router connected to the router port of the Layer 3 switch would not b...
Page 250 - To add a static router port configuration, click the; button; Figure 6-53. Static Router Port Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 250 Web-Based Switch Management To add a static router port configuration, click the Edit button to open the following dialog box: Figure 6-53. Static Router Port Settings − Add The following fields can be set: Parameter Description VLAN Name Displ...
Page 251 - Port Mirroring; To configure a port for port mirroring:; Mirroring; link and then the; Target Port Selection
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 251 Port Mirroring To configure a port for port mirroring: Click the Mirroring link and then the Target Port Selection link: Figure 6-54. Target Port Selection The target port is the port where information will be duplic...
Page 253 - link on the
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 253 Priority To configure a forwarding priority for a given MAC address: Click the Priority link on the Configuration menu: Figure 6-55. Setup MAC Address Priority To add a MAC Address to the MAC Address Priority table, ...
Page 255 - Source
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 255 The following fields can be set: Parameter Description MAC Address Allows the entry of the MAC address of the station for which priority queuing is to be specified when adding a MAC address to the priority table. Whe...
Page 256 - IP Address Filtering; then click; MAC
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 256 Web-Based Switch Management Filtering IP Address Filtering With the switch configured to Layer 3 Operation mode, both MAC and IP addresses can be entered into the filtering table, using their respective entry menus. To enter an address, open Co...
Page 257 - displays the corresponding
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 257 Figure 6-59. IP Address Filtering − Add To edit an existing IP address entry in the filtering table, click the Edit button. Figure 6-60. IP Address Filtering − Edit The following fields can be set: Parameter Descript...
Page 259 - specifies the length of time a
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 259 Forwarding MAC Address Aging Time The MAC Address Aging Time specifies the length of time a learned MAC Address will remain in the forwarding table without being accessed (that is, how long a learned MAC Address is a...
Page 260 - Unicast MAC Address Forwarding; Figure 6-62. Unicast MAC Address Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 260 Web-Based Switch Management Unicast MAC Address Forwarding MAC addresses can be statically entered into the switch’s MAC Address Forwarding Table. These addresses will never age out. To enter a MAC address into the switch’s forwarding table, cl...
Page 261 - Figure 6-63. Unicast MAC Address Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 261 Figure 6-63. Unicast MAC Address Settings − Add To edit an existing entry in the MAC address in the MAC Address Forwarding Table, click the Edit button: Figure 6-64. Unicast MAC Address Settings − Edit The following ...
Page 262 - when editing an existing entry.; Unit; if you have the; Multicast MAC Address Forwarding
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 262 Web-Based Switch Management of an end station that will be entered into the switch’s static forwarding table when adding a new entry. Displays the currently selected MAC address when editing. VLAN Name Allows the entry of the VLAN Name of the V...
Page 263 - Figure 6-65. Multicast MAC Address Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 263 Figure 6-65. Multicast MAC Address Settings To add a new multicast MAC address to the switch’s forwarding table, click the New button: Figure 6-66. Multicast MAC Address Settings − Add To edit an existing entry to th...
Page 264 - Figure 6-67. Multicast MAC Address Settings; when adding a new; Specifies the port as being none.; Egress
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 264 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-67. Multicast MAC Address Settings − Edit The following fields can be set: Parameter Description MAC Address:[ ] Allows the entry of the MAC address of an end station that will be entered into the switch’s s...
Page 265 - Forbidden; IP Forwarding
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 265 Forbidden Forbidden Non-Member - specifies the port as not being a member of the VLAN and that the port is forbidden from becoming a member of the VLAN dynamically. IP Forwarding Entries into the switch’s forwarding ...
Page 266 - Allows the entry of an IP address of a
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 266 Web-Based Switch Management To delete an existing static/default route, click corresponding click-box and the click the Delete button. To add a new static/default route, click the New button: Figure 6-69. Static/Default Routes – Add The followi...
Page 267 - gateway for the IP address above.; Static ARP; To add a new static ARP entry, click the New button
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 267 < 0.0.0.0 > gateway for the IP address above. Metric < 1 > Allows the entry of a routing protocol metric representing the number of routers between the switch and the IP address above. Static ARP To make ...
Page 268 - The IP address of the ARP entry.; MAC Address; The MAC address of the ARP entry.; STP Switch Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 268 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-71. Static ARP – Add The following fields can be set: Parameter Description IP Address The IP address of the ARP entry. MAC Address The MAC address of the ARP entry. Spanning Tree STP Switch Settings The Spa...
Page 269 - The factory default setting should
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 269 To globally configure STP on the switch, click the Spanning Tree folder, and then the STP Switch Settings link: Figure 6-72. STP Switch Settings The factory default setting should cover the majority of installations....
Page 271 - The Hello Time cannot be longer than the Max.; STP Port Settings
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 271 The Hello Time cannot be longer than the Max. Age. Otherwise, a configuration error will occur. Observe the following formulas when setting the above parameters: Max. Age ≤ 2 x (Forward Delay - 1 second) Max. Age ≥ 2...
Page 273 - A Port Cost can be set from; A Port Priority can be from
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 273 In addition to setting Spanning Tree parameters for use on the switch level, the switch allows for the configuration of groups of ports, each port-group of which will have its own spanning tree, and will require some...
Page 276 - when editing and existing entry.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 276 Web-Based Switch Management To edit an existing entry to the switch’s forwarding table, click the entry’s corresponding click-box and then click the edit button: Figure 6-76. Link Aggregation − Edit The following fields can be set: Parameter De...
Page 277 - Port Member; Utilities; TFTP Utilities
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 277 interconnected the switches in the switch stack. Port Member Allows the specification of the ports that will make up the link aggregation group. State < Disabled > This field can be toggled between Enabled and ...
Page 278 - Figure 6-77. Download Firmware from Server; Enter the IP address of the TFTP server in the; Server IP; The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the switch.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 278 Web-Based Switch Management TFTP Services folder and finally click on the Download Firmware from TFTP Server link: Figure 6-77. Download Firmware from Server Select which switch of a switch stack you want to update the firmware on. This allows ...
Page 279 - Use Configuration File on Server; Figure 6-78. Use Configuration File on Server
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 279 Click Download to record the IP address of the TFTP server. Use the Save Settings to enter the address into NV-RAM. Click Start to initiate the file transfer. Use Configuration File on Server To download a configurat...
Page 280 - Save Settings To Server; Figure 6-79. Save Settings To TFTP Server; Highlight; Start; to initiate the file transfer.; Save History Log to Server
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 280 Web-Based Switch Management Save Settings To Server To download a configuration file for the switch’s, click on the Basic Setup folder and then the Switch Utilities folder and then the TFTP Services folder and finally click on the Upload Settin...
Page 281 - Figure 6-80. Save Switch History To TFTP Server; Relay Interface Configurations
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 281 Figure 6-80. Save Switch History To TFTP Server Enter the IP address of the TFTP server and the path and filename for the history log on the TFTP server. Click Apply to make the changes current. Click Start to initia...
Page 283 - To add a new entry, click the New button:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 283 process the value in the seconds field of the BOOTP or DHCP packet. If a non-zero value is entered, the switch will use that value, along with the hop count to determine whether to forward a given BOOTP or DHCP packe...
Page 284 - To configure DNS Relay, click on the DNS Relay link:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 284 Web-Based Switch Management The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Interface Name The interface name of the IP interface on which the BOOTP or DHCP servers reside on. BOOTP/DHCP Server < 0.0.0.0 > Allows the entry of IP ad...
Page 285 - To make a static DNS table entry, click on the DNS Relay
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 285 The following fields can be set: Parameter Description DNS Relay State < Disabled > This field can be toggled between Disabled and Enabled using the pull- down menu, and is used to enable or disable the DNS Rel...
Page 286 - Figure 6-85. DNS Relay Static Table Configuration; To add a new entry to the table, click on the New button:; Figure 6-86. DNS Relay Static Table Configuration
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 286 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-85. DNS Relay Static Table Configuration To add a new entry to the table, click on the New button: Figure 6-86. DNS Relay Static Table Configuration − Add The following fields can be set: Parameter Descripti...
Page 287 - Network Monitoring; operating; Port Utilization; window shows the percentage of the total
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 287 Network Monitoring The SR24i provides extensive network monitoring capabilities that can be viewed from the under Network Monitoring menu. Network monitoring on the switch is divided into Layer 2 and Layer 3 function...
Page 288 - Update; field sets the interval at which the error
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 288 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-87. Port Utilization window Select the desired port by clicking on the front panel display. The Update Interval field sets the interval at which the error statistics are updated.
Page 289 - The following field can be set:; Suspend; Port Error Statistics; Port Error Packet Statistics; window displays the packet
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 289 The following field can be set: Parameter Description Update Interval < Suspend > The time between updates received from the switch, in seconds. Suspend stops the updates. The default is Suspend . Port Error St...
Page 290 - Figure 6-88. Port Error Packet Statistics window
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 290 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-88. Port Error Packet Statistics window Select the desired port by clicking on the front panel display. The Update Interval field sets the interval at which the error statistics are updated. The following fi...
Page 292 - Transmitted packets.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 292 Web-Based Switch Management Drop Packets The total number of events in which packets were dropped due to a lack of resources. TX Frames Transmitted packets. Excessive Deferral The number of frames for which the first transmission attempt on a p...
Page 293 - Port Packet Analysis; window displays the size of packets; Figure 6-89. Port Packet Analysis window; The following fields from above are described in more detail:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 293 Port Packet Analysis The Port Packet Analysis window displays the size of packets received or transmitted by a given switch port. In addition, statistics on the number and rate of unicast, multicast, and broadcast pa...
Page 295 - TX Bytes; MAC Address Table
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 295 ( Total/sec ). TX Bytes Displays the number of bytes (octets) transmitted by the switch in total number ( Total ), and rate ( Total/sec ). TX Frames Displays the number of packets (frames) transmitted by the switch i...
Page 296 - Figure 6-90. Browse Address Table – sequential window; IP Address Table
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 296 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-90. Browse Address Table – sequential window IP Address Table To view the contents of the IP Routing table, click on the IP Address Table link:
Page 299 - The following fields are displayed:; Routing Table
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 299 The following fields are displayed: Parameter Description Destination Address IP address of a learned or statically entered destionation. Mask Displays the subnet mask corresponding to the above destination IP addres...
Page 300 - The IP address of the router.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 300 Web-Based Switch Management Figure 6-92. Routing Table Parameter Description IP Address The IP address of the router. Netmask The subnet mask corresponding to the IP address above. Gateway The IP address of the gateway between the switch and th...
Page 301 - ARP Table
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 301 ARP Table To view the switch’s ARP table, click on the ARP Table link:
Page 303 - OSPF Link State Database Table; The switch maintains two OSPF Link State Databases (LSDB); Displays the OSPF Area ID.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 303 OSPF Link State Database Table The switch maintains two OSPF Link State Databases (LSDB) − Internal and External. The Internal LSDB describes the Link State Advertisements (LSA) for OSPF Antonymous Systems (AS). The ...
Page 304 - Router
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 304 Web-Based Switch Management LSDB Type Displays which one of four types of link advertisements by which the current link was discovered by the switch − Router link (RTRLink), Network link (NETLink), Summary link (Summary), Autonomous System link...
Page 305 - OSPF Neighbor Table; The following fields are displayed.; The router ID of a neighboring router.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 305 OSPF Neighbor Table Figure 6-95. OSPF Neighbor Table The following fields are displayed. Parameter Description Neighbor ID The router ID of a neighboring router. IP Address The IP address of the neighboring router. N...
Page 306 - OSPF Virtual Neighbor Table; Figure 6-96. OSPF Virtual Neighbor Table; The following fields can be set or are displayed.; The IP address of the neighboring router.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 306 Web-Based Switch Management OSPF Virtual Neighbor Table Figure 6-96. OSPF Virtual Neighbor Table The following fields can be set or are displayed. Parameter Description Transit Area ID The area ID of the transit area that the virtual link resid...
Page 307 - DVMRP Neighbor Address Table
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 307 DVMRP Neighbor Address Table To view the DVMRP neighbor address table, click on the DVMRP Neighbor Address Table link: Figure 6-97. DVMRP Routing Table The Source Address and Source Mask fields allow the entry of an ...
Page 308 - between the switch and the listed router.; Learned; GVRP Status
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 308 Web-Based Switch Management between the switch and the listed router. Learned Indicates whether this entry is dynamic (learned) or not. Interface Name The name of the IP interface the router resides on. Expire The total number of routers that t...
Page 309 - Router Ports; that is dynamically configured by the switch is designated by; IGMP Snooping Status
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 309 Router Ports This displays which of the switch’s ports are currently configured as router ports. A router port configured by a user (using the console or Web-based management interfaces) is displayed as a static rout...
Page 310 - The IP address of the multicast group.; The MAC address of the multicast group.; Reports
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 310 Web-Based Switch Management IP address and the corresponding MAC address from IGMP packets that pass through the switch. The ports where the IGMP packets were snooped are displayed, signified with an M . The number of IGMP reports that were sno...
Page 311 - IP Multicast Forwarding Table; Figure 6-101. IP Multicast Forwarding Table
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 311 IP Multicast Forwarding Table To view the switch’s IP multicast forwarding table, click on the IP Multicast Forwarding Table link: Figure 6-101. IP Multicast Forwarding Table Parameter Description Multicast Group The...
Page 312 - The routing protocol in use.; IGMP Group Table
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 312 Web-Based Switch Management Protocol The routing protocol in use. IGMP Group Table To view the switch’s IGMP group table, click on the IGMP Group Table link: Figure 6-102. IGMP Group Table Parameter Description Interface Name The name of the IP...
Page 313 - The IP address of the IGMP querier.; DVMRP Routing Table; The IP address of the DVMRP router.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Web-Based Switch Management 313 Querier IP The IP address of the IGMP querier. Expire The total number of hops (routers) packets are allowed to cross. DVMRP Routing Table To view the switch’s DVMRP routing table, click on the DVMRP Routing Table li...
Page 314 - Switch History; To view the switch history log:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 314 Web-Based Switch Management between the switch and the listed router. Learned Indicates whether this entry is dynamic (learned) or not. Interface Name The name of the IP interface the router resides on. Expire The total number of routers that t...
Page 316 - ECHNICAL; General
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 316 Technical Specifications A T ECHNICAL S PECIFICATIONS General Standards: IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T Ethernet IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.1 P/Q VLAN IEE...
Page 317 - Physical and Environmental
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Technical Specifications 317 General Network Cables: 10BASE-T: 100BASE-TX: Fiber Optic: 2-pair UTP Cat. 3,4,5 (100 m) EIA/TIA- 568 100-ohm STP (100 m) 2-pair UTP Cat. 5 (100 m) EIA/TIA-568 100-ohm STP (100 m) IEC 793-2:1992 Type A1a - 50/125um mult...
Page 318 - Performance
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Physical and Environmental 318 Technical Specifications Weight: 2.5 kg EMI: FCC Class A, CE Class A, VCCI Class A, BSMI Class A, C-Tick Class A FCC Part 15/IECES-003 (Canada), VCCI Class A ITE, EN55022/EN50082-1 or EN%%o24, C-Tick (AS/NZS3548, BSMI...
Page 319 - NDERSTANDING AND
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol 319 B U NDERSTANDING AND T ROUBLESHOOTING THE S PANNING T REE P ROTOCOL When the spanning-tree algorithm determines a port should be transitioned to the forwarding state, the following oc...
Page 320 - Blocking State; A port in the blocking state does the following:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 320 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol Blocking State A port in the blocking state does not forward packets. When the switch is booted, a BPDU is sent to each port in the switch putting these ports into the blocking state....
Page 322 - Listening State; A port in the listening state does the following:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 322 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol Listening State The listening state is the first transition for a port from the blocking state. Listening is an opportunity for the switch to receive BPDUs that may tell the switch th...
Page 324 - Learning State; A port in the learning state does the following:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 324 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol Learning State A port in the learning state prepares to participate in frame forwarding. The port enters the learning state from the listening state. A port in the learning state does...
Page 326 - Forwarding State; A port in the forwarding state does the following:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 326 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol Forwarding State A port in the forwarding state forwards packets. The port enters the forwarding state from the learning state when the forward delay timer expires. A port in the forw...
Page 328 - Disabled State; A disabled port does the following:
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 328 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol Disabled State A port in the disabled state does not participate in frame forwarding or STP. A port in the disabled state is virtually non-operational. A disabled port does the follow...
Page 330 - Troubleshooting STP; Spanning Tree Protocol Failure
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 330 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol Troubleshooting STP Spanning Tree Protocol Failure A failure in the STA generally leads to a bridging loop. A bridging loop in an STP environment comes from a port that should be in t...
Page 331 - Full/Half Duplex Mismatch
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol 331 to transition its port 2 from the blocking state to the forwarding state. It should be noted: A port must continue to receive BPDUs advertising superior paths to remain in the blockin...
Page 332 - Unidirectional Link
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 332 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol In the above example, port 1 on B is configured as a full-duplex port and port 1 on A is either configured as a half-duplex port, or left in auto-negotiation mode. Because port 1 on B...
Page 334 - Packet Corruption
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 334 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol packets transmitted but none received, or vice versa, for example. Packet Corruption Packet corruption can lead to the same type of failure. If a link is experiencing a high rate of p...
Page 335 - Identifying a Data Loop; Know where the root is located.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol 335 Identifying a Data Loop Broadcast storms have a very similar effect on the network to data loops, but broadcast storm controls in modern switches have (along with subnetting and other...
Page 336 - Minimize the number of ports in the blocking state.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 336 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol Organize the redundant links and tune the port cost parameter of STP to force those ports to be in the blocking state. For each VLAN, know which ports should be blocking in a stable n...
Page 339 - Impact of Layer 3 Switching.
DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol 339 Impact of Layer 3 Switching. The IP routing operational mode of the DES-3326S Layer 3 switch can accomplish the following: • Building a forwarding table, and exchanging information wi...
Page 342 - OR; XOR; The logical
C B RIEF R EVIEW OF B ITWISE L OGICAL O PERATIONS AND The logical AND operation compares 2 bits and if they are both “ 1”, then the result is “1”, otherwise, the result is “0”. 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 OR The logical OR operation compares 2 bits and if either or both bits are “1”, then the result is “1”, oth...
Page 343 - NOT; the result is
0 0 1 1 1 0 NOT The logical NOT operation simply changes the value of a single bit. If it is a “1”, the result is “0”, if it is a “0”, the result is “1”. This operation is carried out on a single bit. 0 1 1 0
Page 344 - NDEX; Automatic learning; Dynamic filtering
I NDEX 1 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Module .............................................. 31 100BASE-FX Fiber (MTRJ Type) Module .................................. 30 100BASE-FX Fiber Module ...28, 29 100BASE-TX Device .............. 40 100BASE-TX Module ............. 28 10BASE-T Device ......................
Page 346 - untagging; Untagging
Authentication Failure ....48, 51 Broadcast Storm....................52 Cold Start ........................ 48, 51 Link Change Event ......... 49, 51 New Root .............................. 48 Port Partition .........................51 Topology Change............ 48, 51 Warm Start .....................
Page 347 - Offices
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Page 348 - Registration Card
Registration Card Print, type or use block letters. Your name: Mr./Ms_____________________________________________________________________________ Organization: ________________________________________________ Dept. ____________________________ Your title at organization: ___________________________...
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