Page 3 - FCC Requirements; WHEN PROGRAMMING EMERGENCY NUMBERS AND/OR MAKING TEST CALLS TO
USA (This information is for facsimile option users only.) ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ FCC Requirements 1. This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules. On the cover of this equipment is a label that contains, among other information, the FCC registration number and ringer equivalencenumber (REN) for this equi...
Page 4 - Safety Information; Safety During Operation; In this manual, the following important symbols are used:
i Safety Information When using your equipment, the following safety precautions should always befollowed. Safety During Operation In this manual, the following important symbols are used: R WARNING: R WARNING: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if instructions are not followed, coul...
Page 5 - ii
ii R CAUTION: • Protect the equipment from dampness or wet weather, such as rain, snow, and so on. • Unplug the power cord from the wall outlet before you move the equipment. While moving the equipment, you should take care that the power cord will not be damaged under the equipment. • When you disc...
Page 6 - iii; How to Read this Manual; Symbols; In this manual, the following symbols are used:
iii How to Read this Manual Symbols In this manual, the following symbols are used: R WARNING: This symbol indicates a potentially hazardous situation that might result indeath or serious injury when you misuse the machine without following the in-structions under this symbol. Be sure to read the in...
Page 7 - iv; TABLE OF CONTENTS
iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Machine Types ........................................................................................... 1 What You Can Do with This Machine (Copy Mode)................................ 2 Guide To Components ..........................................................................
Page 10 - vii
vii 3. Document Server Overview................................................................................................. 149 Process ..................................................................................................... 150 Features and Benefits ..................................
Page 11 - viii; Preset Stamp
viii d Adding Staples ................................................................................. 198 1000-Sheet Finisher .................................................................................. 1982 Tray Finisher .........................................................................
Page 12 - ix
ix 6. REMARKS Do's And Don'ts ..................................................................................... 235 Where to Put Your Machine .................................................................. 236 Machine Environment ..................................................................
Page 14 - Machine Types
1 Machine Types This machine comes in two models which vary by copy speed. To make surewhich model you have, see the inside front cover. Type 1 Type 2 Copy speed 35 copies/minute (A4 K , 8 1 / 2 " × 11" K ) 45 copies/minute (A4 K , 8 1 / 2 " × 11" K ) AdonisC2_ENcopy122F_FM.book Page...
Page 18 - Guide To Components
5 Guide To Components 1. Document Feeder (ADF) The document feeder automatically feedsa stack of originals one by one. 2. Exposure glass Place originals here face down for copy-ing. ⇒ P.19 “Originals” 3. Internal tray C o p i e d p a p e r i s d e l i v e r e d h e r e f a c edown. 4. Main power swi...
Page 19 - Ventilation hole
6 1. Bypass tray Use when copying onto OHP transparen-cies, adhesive labels, translucent paper,postcards, and custom size paper. 2. Right side cover Open this when a paper jam occurs. 1. Ventilation hole Prevents overheating. Do not obstructthe ventilation hole by placing an objectnear it or leaning...
Page 20 - Output Tray Guide; To copy onto normal paper and thick paper; Slide the guide in the direction of the arrow.; To copy onto OHP transparencies and translucent paper
7 Output Tray Guide When copying onto OHP transparencies and translucent paper, raise the guide.This prevents copies from being curled when delivered. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ To copy onto normal paper and thick paper Slide the guide in the direction of the arrow. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ To copy onto OHP transparencies and transluc...
Page 21 - Options; External tray; Bridge unit
8 Options 1. 1000-Sheet Finisher Sorts, stacks, and staples copies. 2. External tray If you selected this as the output tray,c o p i e d p a p e r i s d e l i v e r e d h e r e f a c edown. 3. Platen cover Lower this cover over originals for copy-ing. 4. Document feeder (ADF) ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ P.32 Insert a s...
Page 22 - Control Panel
9 Control Panel 1. Screen Contrast knob Adjusts the brightness of the display pan-el. 2. Indicators These indicators show errors or the statusof the machine. ⇒ P.169 “Troubleshoot- ing” . 3. {{{{ User Tools/Counter }}}} key • User Tools Press to change the default settingsand conditions to meet your...
Page 23 - key; Number keys
10 14. {{{{ Clear/Stop }}}} key • Clear Press to delete a number entered. • Stop Press to stop a copy job in progress. 15. {{{{ # }}}} key Press to enter a value. 16. Number keys Use to enter the desired number of copiesand data for selected modes. 17. Function keys Press the appropriate key to choo...
Page 24 - Display Panel; Important; Displays and Key Operations; Note; Initial copy display; “Reproduction Ratio
11 Display Panel The display panel shows the status of the machine, error messages and functionmenus. Important ❒ Do not apply a strong shock or force of about 30 N (about 3 kgf) or more tothe display panel. If you do, the display might be damaged. Note ❒ The function items displayed serve as select...
Page 25 - “General Features; Function menu
12 6 . D i s p l a y s t h e c o n t e n t s o f t h e Shortcut keys. You can register fre-q u e n t l y u s e d f u n c t i o n s i n t h e s ekeys. ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ “Copy Function Key F1-F5” in P.217 “General Features 3 / 4 ” . 7. Show s the available functions. Press a function name to display itsmenu. Fo...
Page 26 - Function List Based on Options; ...Available
13 Function List Based on Options The functions that are available to you depend on your machine configurationand which options you have. See the table below. ❍ …Available × …Not available Type 1 Type 2 Place originals on the expo-sure glass in the docu-ment feeder Mixed Sizes Mode ❍ *5 ❍ *5 ❍ ❍ Cus...
Page 28 - Turning On the Power; Power switches; “Display Panel”; Turning On the Main Power
15 1. Basics Turning On the Power To turn the machine on, press the op-eration switch. Note ❒ This machine automatically entersEnergy Saver mode or turns itselfoff if you do not use the machinefor a while. P.30 “Auto Off” and “Timer Setting” in the System Set-tings manual. - - - - Power switches Thi...
Page 29 - The display panel will come on.; Turning Off the Power
Basics 16 1 Turning On the Power A Press the operation switch tomake the On indicator goes on. The display panel will come on. Note ❒ If the power is not turned onwhen the operatio n switch ispressed, check if the main pow-er switch is on. If off, turn it on. ❒ During the warm-up period(less than 10...
Page 30 - Turning Off the Main Power
Turning On the Power 17 1 Turning Off the Main Power A Make sure that the On indicatorgoes off. B Turn off the main power switch tomake sure the indicator goes off. Important ❒ Do not turn off the main powerswitch when the indicator goeson or blink Hard Disk or Mem-ory might be broken. ❒ Pull out th...
Page 31 - Changing Modes; Copy; or; key to use that function.
Basics 18 1 Changing Modes You can use this machine not only as a copier, but also as a fax, printer, docu-ment server and scanner as well. Press the { Copy } , { Facsimile } , { Printer } , { Scan- ner } or { Document Server } key to use that function. Limitation ❒ You cannot switch modes in the fo...
Page 32 - Originals; Sizes and Weights of Recommended Originals; Metric version; Non-recommended originals for the document feeder; “Sizes and Weights of Recom-
Originals 19 1 Originals Sizes and Weights of Recommended Originals ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Metric version ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Inch version Note ❒ The number of originals that can be set in the document feeder is about 80. ❒ Original weight in Mixed Size mode is 52-81g/m 2 , 13.8-21.5 lb. Non-recommended originals for the docu...
Page 33 - dried; Sizes Detectable by the Auto Paper Select
Basics 20 1 • Originals with indexes, tags, or other projecting parts• Sticky originals such as translucent paper• Thin originals that have low stiffness• Thick originals such as postcards• Originals of inappropriate weight• Bound originals such as books• Transparent originals such as OHP transparen...
Page 34 - Missing Image Area; Limitation
Originals 21 1 Missing Image Area ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Exposure glass ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Document feeder Limitation ❒ Even if you correctly set originals in the document feeder or on the exposureglass, 3mm (0.1") margins on all four sides of the original might not be copied. ❒ There are cases where the paper will be fe...
Page 35 - Copy Paper; Recommended Paper Sizes and Types; The following limitations apply to each tray:
Basics 22 1 Copy Paper Recommended Paper Sizes and Types The following limitations apply to each tray: Metric Version Inch Version Paper Weight Paper Capacity Tray 1 *4 Tray 2 *4 A3 L , B4 L , A4 KL , B5 KL , <A5 L >, <11" × 17" L >, <8 1 / 2 " × 14" L >, <8 1 / ...
Page 38 - “Letterhead Setting”
Copy Paper 25 1 Direction-fixed paper or 2-sided paper The direction-fixed (top to bottom) or 2-sided paper (letterhead paper, punchedpaper, or copied paper, e.g.) might not be printed correctly depending on howthe originals and paper are set in place. Set "Letterhead setting" of system set-...
Page 39 - Non-recommended Paper; Paper Storage
Basics 26 1 Non-recommended Paper R CAUTION: Important ❒ Do not use any of the following kinds of paper or a fault might occur.• Thermal fax paper• Art paper• Aluminum foil• Carbon paper• Conductive paper• Colored OHP transparencies• Paper with perforated lines• Hemmed paper Note ❒ Do not use the fo...
Page 40 - Toner; Handling Toner; Toner Storage
Toner 27 1 Toner Handling Toner R WARNING: R CAUTION: R CAUTION: Important ❒ If you use toner other than the recommended type, a fault might occur. Reference If you want to add toner. ⇒ P.183 “ D Adding Toner” Toner Storage When storing toner, the following precautions should always be followed:• St...
Page 42 - Basic Procedure; Clear Modes; Reference; Set your desired settings.; Press the; The machine starts copying.; Stop
29 2. Copying Basic Procedure A Make sure that the machine is inCopy mode. I f t h e m a c h i n e i s n o t i n C o p ymode, press the { Copy } key. B When the machine is set for theu s e r co d e , e n t e r t h e u s e r c o d ewith the number keys and thenpress the {{{{ # }}}} key. Reference ⇒ P...
Page 43 - System Reset; Auto Off
Copying 30 2 - - - - System Reset The machine returns to its initial con-dition automatically when your job isf i n i s h e d , a f te r a ce r ta i n p e r io d o ftime. This function is called “SystemReset”. Note ❒ You can change the System Resettime. ⇒ “System Reset Timer” in “System Settings man...
Page 44 - Setting Originals
Setting Originals 31 2 Setting Originals Limitation ❒ Set originals after correction fluidand ink has completely dried. Nottaking this precaution could markt h e e x p o s u r e g l a s s a n d c a u s emarks to be copied. Note ❒ Basically originals should bea l i g n e d t o t h e r e a r l e f t c...
Page 45 - Original Orientation; Standard Orientation
Copying 32 2 Setting Originals in the Document Feeder Note ❒ The last page should be on the bot-tom. ❒ Do not stack originals beyond thelimit mark on the side fence of thedocument feeder. ❒ The original might become dirty ifit is written with a pencil or similartools. Reference Regarding originals t...
Page 46 - Turn; Setting Special Originals; Batch mode; Batch; “Switch to
Setting Originals 33 2 90 ° Turn W h e n y o u w a n t t o c o p y A 3 K , B4 K or 11" × 17" K size originals, set your original in the landscapeo r i e n t a t i o n a n d t h e n p r e s s t h e key. The machine rotates the original image and you can makecopies as you wish. This is usefulf...
Page 47 - Mixed Size mode
Copying 34 2 C Press the [ OK ] key. D Set your originals, then press the {{{{ Start }}}} key. E After all the previously set origi-nals are fed, set the next originals. The second and subsequent origi-nals can be fed automatically with-out pressing the { Start } key. 1: Limit mark2: Document guide ...
Page 48 - Setting Custom Size Originals; Special Original
Setting Originals 35 2 A Press the [ Special Original ] key. B Press the [ Mixed size ] key. C Press the [ OK ] key. D Align the rear and left edges ofthe originals as shown in the il-lustration. 1: Set into the document feeder.2: Vertical size E Adjust the guide to the widestoriginal size. F Set th...
Page 49 - Clear
Copying 36 2 Note ❒ If you make a mistake, press the [ Clear ] or { Clear/Stop } key, and then enter the value again. D Enter the vertical size of the origi-nal with the Number keys, thenpress the [ # ] key. E Press the [ OK ] key. F Set your originals, then press the {{{{ Start }}}} key. AdonisC2_E...
Page 50 - Basic Functions; Auto and Manual Image Density; Adjusting Copy Image Density
Basic Functions 37 2 Basic Functions The following basic functions are ex-plained in this section. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Adjusting Copy Image Density Auto and Manual Image Density ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Selecting Original Type Setting Text, Text·Photo, Photo, Pale, Gen-eration Copy ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Selecting Copy Paper Auto Paper Select...
Page 51 - Auto Image Density; Manual Image Density
Copying 38 2 Auto Image Density A Make sure that the [ Auto Image Den- sity ] key is selected. Note ❒ If the [ Auto Image Density ] key is not selected, press the [ Auto Im- age Density ] key. ❒ If you do not wish to set anyother functions, press the { Start } key to start copying. Manual Image Dens...
Page 52 - Text; nal Mode; key on the copy original; Original; key to select the original; Start; key to start copying.
Basic Functions 39 2 Selecting Original Type Setting Select one of the following types tomatch your originals: ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Text Select this mode when your origi-nals contain only letters (no pic-tures). ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Text·Photo Select Text·Photo when your origi-nals contain photographs or pic-tures with lette...
Page 53 - Selecting Copy Paper; There are two ways to select copy paper:; Auto Paper Select; “Rotated copy”; Manual Paper Select; “Sizes difficult to detect”
Copying 40 2 Selecting Copy Paper There are two ways to select copy paper: ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Auto Paper Select The machine selects a suitable size of copy paper automatically based on theoriginal size and the reproduction ratio. ⇒ P.42 “Rotated copy” . ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Manual Paper Select Choose the tray containing th...
Page 55 - Rotated copy; and fits it on the copy paper. This function works when Auto Paper
Copying 42 2 - - - - Rotated copy If the direction in which your original is set (landscape or portrait) is differentfrom that of the paper you are copying onto, this function rotates the original im-age by 90 ° and fits it on the copy paper. This function works when Auto Paper Select or Auto Reduce...
Page 57 - Sort; • Stack
Copying 44 2 Sort/Stack/Staple The machine can scan your originalsinto memory and automatically sortthe copies. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Sort • Sort• Rotate Sort• Shift sort (the optional finisher and the optional Bridge unit areequired) ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Stack • Stack (the optional finisher and theo p t i o n a l B r i d g e...
Page 58 - Inch version; Rotate Sort
Sort/Stack/Staple 45 2 ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Inch version Sort Copies can be assembled as sets in se-quential order. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Sort Copies can be assembled as sets insequential order. Note ❒ The paper sizes that can be usedin the Sort function are as fol-lows: ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Rotate Sort Every other copy set is rotated by9...
Page 59 - Shift Sort; When the finisher is not installed
Copying 46 2 ❒ The paper sizes that can be usedin the Rotate Sort function are asfollows: ❒ To use the Rotate Sort function,two paper trays identical in sizeand different in direction ( KL ) are required. Reference For the paper capacity of the op-tional finishers, ⇒ P.244 “1000- Sheet Finisher (Opt...
Page 60 - “Select Stack; Set your originals, then press the; “Batch mode”; Set the original, then press the
Sort/Stack/Staple 47 2 ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ When the 2 Tray Finisher is installed Note ❒ When the optional finisher is in-stalled, use the User Tools to dis-play [ Rotate Sort ] . ⇒ “Select Stack Function” in P.233 “Input/Out- put” . B Enter the number of copy setswith the number keys. Limitation ❒ The maximum n...
Page 61 - Stack; Shift Stack
Copying 48 2 Stack Copies can be assembled with each pageset. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Shift Stack • 1000-Sheet/2 Tray-Sheet Finisher This function groups copies ofeach page in a multi-page origi-nal together. Every other pagestack is shifted for ease of sepa-ration. The finisher shift tray ofthe finisher provides t...
Page 63 - Staple; Each copy set can be stapled together.
Copying 50 2 Staple The optional finisher and the bridge unit are required to use this function. Each copy set can be stapled together. Limitation ❒ You cannot use the following paper in this function:• Postcards• Translucent paper• OHP transparencies• Adhesive labels• Curled paper• Low stiffness pa...
Page 64 - Stapling position and original setting
Sort/Stack/Staple 51 2 ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Inch version *1 Depending on the number of sheets to be stapled and whether sheets havepunched holes or not, the maximum tray capacity might be reduced. *2 If you copy when the paper remains on the tray, the capacity might be reduced. *3 Available staple positions are ...
Page 65 - Tray Finisher
Copying 52 2 ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ 1000-sheet Finisher When your machine is equipped with the 1000-sheet finisher, the stapling po-sition will be fixed to “Top Slant”. Note ❒ Original images are not rotated. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ 2 Tray Finisher Original setting Stapling position Exposure glass Document Feeder Top S lant K L O...
Page 66 - Select one of the stapling positions.
Sort/Stack/Staple 53 2 *1 Available staple positions except A3, B4, size of paper. Note ❒ You cannot change stapling positions during copying. ❒ When the original image is rotated, the stapling direction turns by 90 ° . ❒ By setting orientation of papers and originals, “Blank part will appear. Check...
Page 67 - “Stapling position and original setting”; Enter the number of copy sets with the number keys.; To change the entered number, press the; The last page should be on the bottom.; Start with the first page to be copied.; Set the original in the same direction as the first one.; After all originals are scanned, press the
Copying 54 2 ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ 2 Tray Finisher Note ❒ When you select the stapling position, Sort mode is automatically selected. Reference ⇒ P.51 “Stapling position and original setting” B Enter the number of copy sets with the number keys. Note ❒ To change the entered number, press the { Clear/Stop } key. C...
Page 68 - To Stop Scanning Temporarily; To resume scanning; Yes; When Memory Reaches 0%
Sort/Stack/Staple 55 2 To Stop Scanning Temporarily When you are using the Sort, Stack, orS t a p l e f u n c t i o n , t h e o r i g i n a l s a r escanned into memory. A Press the {{{{ Clear/Stop }}}} key to stop originals from being scanned intomemory. To resume scanning A Press the [ No ] key to...
Page 69 - Punch; This function is used to make punch holes in copies.; holes
Copying 56 2 Punch The optional 2 tray finisher and the bridge unit are required to use this function. This function is used to make punch holes in copies. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ 2 holes ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ 3 holes ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ 4 holes AdonisC2_ENcopy122F_FM.book Page 56 Thursday, February 15, 2001 3:23 PM
Page 70 - Punch hole positions
Punch 57 2 Note ❒ When using Punch and Combine, Double Copies, or Auto Reduce/Enlarge,the message "Blank part will appear. Check orientation." may appear becauseof the orientation of the original and the copy paper. If this occurs, change theorientation of the copy paper. ❒ The relationship ...
Page 71 - Punchable paper sizes are as follows:; Select the Punch position.
Copying 58 2 ❒ Punchable paper sizes are as follows: ❒ Since punch holes are made in each copy, the punch hole positions varyslightly. ❒ The punch hole positions change according to the direction of the paper selected. Reference If the punch waste box fills up, ⇒ P.206 “ y Removing Punch Waste” . A ...
Page 73 - Copying from the Bypass Tray; Open the bypass tray.; Extender
Copying 60 2 Copying from the Bypass Tray Use the bypass tray to copy onto OHPtransparencies, adhesive labels, trans-lucent paper, postcards, and copy pa-per that cannot be set in the papertray. Note ❒ The machine can automatically de-tect the following sizes as standardsize copy paper: ❒ If you do ...
Page 77 - Programs; Storing Your Settings; You can delete a stored program.; Recalling A Program; You can recall a stored program.; Clear Mode s; Storing a Program
Copying 64 2 Programs You can store frequently used copyjob settings in machine memory, andrecall them for future use. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Storing Your Settings You can store your settings youfrequently use. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Deleting A Program You can delete a stored program. ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ Recalling A Program You can recall a...
Page 78 - Changing a Stored Program; To overwrite the program; Not to overwrite the program; Deleting a Program
Programs 65 2 Note ❒ If you do not wish to enter theprogram name, go to step F . ❒ You can register up to 40 char-acters. ❒ To change the name entered,press the [ Backspace ] , [ Delete ] or { Clear/Stop } key and enter new letters. Reference For details on entering characters, ⇒ "Entering Text ...
Page 79 - Recalling a Program; The stored settings are displayed.
Copying 66 2 Recalling a Program A Press the {{{{ Program }}}} key. B Press the [ Recall ] key. C Press the program number youwant to recall. The stored settings are displayed. Note ❒ Only programs with m contain a program. D Set your originals, then press the {{{{ Start }}}} key. AdonisC2_ENcopy122...
Page 80 - Job Preset; Cancel; All originals are scanned.
Job Preset 67 2 Job Preset If a long copy job is in progress andyou do not wish to wait for it to finish,you can use this function to set up thenext one copy job in advance. Whenthe current copy job is finished, yourcopy job will be started automatically. A Press the {{{{ Copy }}}} key. B Set up the...
Page 81 - Other Functions; Energy Saver Mode; Interrupt Copy; To interrupt an original being fed
Copying 68 2 Other Functions Energy Saver Mode If you do not operate the machine fora ce r ta i n p e r i o d a ft e r co p y in g , o rwhen you press the { Energy Saver } key, the display disappears and themachine enters Energy Saver mode.When you press the { Energy Saver } key again, the machine r...
Page 82 - Original Beeper; Sample Copy
Other Functions 69 2 To interrupt copying after all originals have been fed A Press the {{{{ Interrupt }}}} key. The Interrupt indicator goes on. Note ❒ Copying will not stop yet. B Set your original. C Press the {{{{ Start }}}} key. The machine stops the original joband starts copying your original...
Page 83 - Changing the Number of Sets
Copying 70 2 Changing the Number of Sets You can change the number of copysets during copying. Limitation ❒ This function can be used onlywhen the Sort function has beenturned on. A Press the {{{{ Clear/Stop }}}} key when “Copying” is displayed. B Press the [ Change Quantity ] key. C Enter the numbe...
Page 84 - Preset Reduce/Enlarge; Reduce
Preset Reduce/Enlarge 71 2 Preset Reduce/Enlarge You can select a preset ratio for copy-ing. Note ❒ You can select one of 12 preset ra-tios (5 enlargement ratios, 7 reduc-tion ratios). ❒ Use “Create Margin” to reduce theimage to 93% of its original sizewith the centre as reference. Youc a n r e g i ...
Page 85 - Create Margin mode
Copying 72 2 A Press the [ Reduce/Enlarge ] key. Note ❒ To select a preset ratio on theinitial display, directly press thes h o rt cu t re d uc e / e n la rg e k e yand go to step D . B Press the [ Enlarge ] or [ Reduce ] key. C Select a ratio. D Press the [ OK ] key. E Set your originals, then pres...
Page 86 - Zoom
Zoom 73 2 Zoom You can change the reproduction ra-tio in 1% steps. Note ❒ The following ratios can be select-ed:• Metric version: 25 – 400%• Inch version: 25 – 400% ❒ You can select a ratio regardless ofthe size of an original or copy pa-per. With some ratios, parts of theimage might not be copied o...
Page 87 - key and enter the new
Copying 74 2 B Enter the desired ratio with thenumber keys. Note ❒ To change the ratio entered,press the [ Clear ] or { Clear/ Stop } key and enter the new ratio. C Press the [ # ] key. D Press the [ OK ] key. C Set your originals, then press the {{{{ Start }}}} key. AdonisC2_ENcopy122F_FM.book Page...
Page 88 - Size Magnification; Preparation
Size Magnification 75 2 Size Magnification This function calculates an enlarge-ment or reduction ratio based uponthe lengths of the original and copy. Preparation Measure and specify the lengths ofthe original and copy by compar-ing “A” with “a.” Limitation ❒ If the calculated ratio is over themaxim...