Casio FX 7400G - Co., Ltd - Graphing Calculator- Manuals

• Your calculator is made up of precision components. Never try to take it apart. • Avoid dropping your calculator and subjecting it to strong impact. • Do not store the calculator or leave it in areas exposed to high temperatures or humidity, or large amounts of dust. When exposed to low temperatur...

In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, orconsequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these materials.Moreover, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any claim of any kind whatsoever against ...

Contents vi Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted ...................................................... 1 1. Using the Main Menu ............................................................................ 22. Key Table ...........................................................................................

ix Contents Plotting Data ................................................................................................ 97Plotting a Scatter Diagram ........................................................................... 98Changing Graph Parameters ...............................................

2 Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted 1. Using the Main Menu The main menu appears on the display whenever you turn on the calculator. It con-tains a number of icons that let you select the mode (work area) for the type ofoperation you want to perform. You can also make the Main Menu appear at any timeby p...

3 Getting Acquainted Chapter 1 u u u u u To enter a mode Example To enter the RUN Mode from the Main Menu 1. Press m to display the Main Menu. 2. Use d , e , f , and c to move the highlighting to the RUN icon. 3. Press w to enter the RUN Mode. • You can also enter a mode without highlighting an icon...

4 Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted Alpha Lock Normally, once you press a and then a key to input an alphabetic char- acter, the keyboard reverts to its primary functions immediately. If you press ! and then a , the keyboard locks in alpha input until you press a again. 2. Key Table

5 Getting Acquainted Chapter 1 Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page 6 6 45 23 24 31 15 31 31 31 31 23 38 139 31 31 31 31 17 31 2 7 16 30 17 30 82 30 21 60 17 30 17 18 14 60 14 82 20 21 16 60 14 82 Trace Zoom Sketch V-Window

6 Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted 3. Key Markings Many of the calculator’s keys are used to perform more than one function. The func-tions marked on the keyboard are color coded to help you find the one you needquickly and easily. Function Key Operation 1 log l 2 10 x !l 3 B al The following describes ...

7 Getting Acquainted Chapter 1 2. Press !Z to display the mode’s set up screen. • This set up screen is just one possible exam- ple. Actual set up screen contents will differaccording to the mode you are in and thatmode’s current settings. 3. Use the f and c cursor keys to move the highlighting to t...

9 Getting Acquainted Chapter 1 [ 1 (List4) 2 (List5) .... 3 (List6) Press [ to return to the previous menu. Other menus for set up (Display, Simplfy, Frac) are described in each applicablesection of this manual as they come up. Abbreviations STAT ............... StatisticsPRGM ............. ProgramC...

10 Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted • Direct Command Execution Example: Selecting executes the DRAW command. k k k k k Exponential Display The calculator normally displays values up to 10 digits long. Values that exceed thislimit are automatically converted to and displayed in exponential format. You ca...

11 Getting Acquainted Chapter 1 k k k k k Special Display Formats This calculator uses special display formats to indicate fractions, and sexagesimalvalues. u u u u u Fractions .......... Indicates: 456 u u u u u Sexagesimal Values .......... Indicates: 12 ° 34’ 56.78" • In addition to the above...

12 Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted 7. When you keep having problems… If you keep having problems when you are trying to perform operations, try the fol-lowing before assuming that there is something wrong with the calculator. k k k k k Get the Calculator Back to its Original Mode Settings 1. In the Mai...

Basic Calculations In the RUN Mode you can perform arithmetic calculations (addi-tion, subtraction, multiplication, division) as well as calculations in-volving scientific functions. 1. Addition and Subtraction2. Multiplication3. Division4. Quotient and Remainder Division5. Mixed Calculations6. Othe...

14 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations 1. Addition and Subtraction Example 6.72 + 9.08 g.hc+j.ai w You can input the operation just as it is written. This capability is called “true alge-braic logic.”Be sure to press A to clear the display before starting a new calculation. 2. Multiplication Example 3.71 ×...

15 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 u u u u u To use parentheses in a calculation 2 × 3 + 4 Example 1 ––––––– 5 You should input this calculation as: (2 × 3 + 4) ÷ 5 A (c*d+e)/f w 6 Example 2 ––––– 4 × 5 You can input this calculation as: 6 ÷ (4 × 5) or 6 ÷ 4 ÷ 5. A g/(e*f) w A g/e/f w 4. Quotient and R...

16 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations 2 (Int ÷ ) h w • Remember that you can use only integers in quotient division operations. You cannot use expressions such as 2 or sin60 because their results have a decimalpart. u u u u u To perform remainder division Example To display the remainder produced by 857 ÷...

17 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 (2) Parentheses Calculation Priority Sequence Expressions enclosed inside parentheses are always given priority in a calculation. Example 1 100 – (2 + 3) × 4 A baa-(c+d) *e w Example 2 (7 – 2) × (8 + 5) • A multiplication sign immediately in front of an open parenthes...

18 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations (5) Rounding Example 74 ÷ 3 A he/d w The actual result of the above calculation is 24.66666666… (and so on to infinity),which the calculator rounds off. The calculator’s internal capacity is 15 digits for thevalues it uses for calculations, which avoids precision prob...

19 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 (3) Replay While the result of a calculation is on the display, you can use d and e to move the cursor to any position within the expression used to produce the result. This meansyou can back up and correct mistakes without having to input the entire calculation.You c...

20 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations d (You could also press e .) ![ d (See below for details on makingcorrections.) w (5) Making Corrections Use the d and e keys to move the cursor to the position you want to change, and then perform one of the operations described below. After you edit the calculation,...

21 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 ddddd ![ s • When you press ![ a space is indicated by the symbol ‘‘ t ’’. The next func- tion or value you input is inserted at the location of ‘‘ t ’’. To abort the insert opera- tion without inputting anything, move the cursor, press ![ again, or press d , e or w ....

22 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations u u u u u To assign the same value to more than one variable Operation <value or expression> a a <start variable name> a3 (~) a <end variable name> w Example To assign the result of 2 to variables A, B, C, D, and E A!9 c a a A a3 (~) a E w u u u u u ...

23 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 8. Fraction Calculations (1) Fraction Display and Input Example 1 Display of Example 2 Display of 3 Mixed fractions (such as 3 1/4) are input and displayed as:integer { numerator { denominator. Improper fractions (15/7) and proper fractions (such as 1/4) are input and...

24 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations Example To convert the result of the previous example to a decimal andthen back to a fraction M M u u u u u To convert between proper and improper fractions Operation Mixed Fraction to Improper Fraction Conversion: !/ Improper Fraction to Mixed Fraction Conversion: !/...

25 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 (3) Changing the Fraction Simplification Mode The initial default of the calculator is automatic simplification of fractions producedby fraction calculations. You can use the following operation to change the fractionsimplification mode to manual. u u u u u To change ...

26 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations K 2 (CALC) 1 (Simp) w • F = 3 indicates that 3 is the divisor.• The calculator automatically selects the smallest possible divisor for simplifica- tion. Repeat the above operation to simplify again. 1 (Simp) w Try once again. 1 (Simp) w This display indicates that fur...

27 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 9. Selecting Value Display Modes You can make specifications for three value display modes. Fix Mode This mode lets you specify the number of decimal places to be displayed. Sci Mode This mode lets you specify the number of significant digits to be displayed. Norm 1/N...

28 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations u u u u u To specify the number of significant digits (Sci) 1. While the set-up screen is on the display, press 2 (Sci). 2. Press the function key that corresponds to the number of significant digits you want to set (0 to 9). • Press [ to display the next menu of numb...

29 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 u u u u u To set the default angle unit Example To change the angle unit from radians to degrees !Z cc 1 (Deg) • Once you change the angle unit setting, it remains in effect until you change it again using the set up screen. You also should check the set up screen to ...

30 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations k k k k k Trigonometric Function Calculations Always make sure that the default angle unit is set to the required default beforeperforming trigonometric function calculations. u u u u u To perform trigonometric function calculations Example 1 sin (63 ° 52' 41") De...

31 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 u u u u u To perform logarithmic/exponential function calculations Example 1 log1.23 l b.cd w Result: 0.0899051114 Example 2 ln90 I ja w Result: 4.49980967 Example 3 To calculate the anti-logarithm of common logarithm 1.23 (10 1.23 ) !0 b.cd w Result: 16.98243652 Exam...

33 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 Example To calculate x and y when r = 25 and θ = 56 ° Operation Display !Z cc 1 (Deg) Q K[ 2 (ANGL) [[ 2 (Rec() 25 , 56 ) w Ans 1 –13.979 – → 13.97982259 ( x ) 2 –20.725 – → 20.72593931 ( y ) (5) Permutation and Combination u u u u u Permutation u u u u u Combination ...

34 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations k k k k k Calculation Priority Sequence The calculation priority sequence is the order that the calculator performs opera-tions. Note the following rules about calculation priority sequence. • Expressions contained in parentheses are performed first.• When two or more...

35 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 • Display Result Command ( ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ) When execution reaches the end of a statement followed by a display result com-mand, execution stops and the result up to that point appears on the display. Youcan resume execution by pressing the w key. u u u u u To use multista...

36 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations k k k k k Errors An error message appears on the display and calculation stops whenever the calcu-lator detects some problem. Press A to clear the error message. The following is a list of all the error messages and what they mean. Ma ERROR - (Mathematical Error) • A ...

37 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 k k k k k Memory Status (MEM) You can check how much memory is used for storage for each type of data. You canalso see how many bytes of memory are still available for storage. u u u u u To check the memory status 1. In the Main Menu, select the MEM icon and press w ....

38 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations 2. Press 1 (DEL). 1 (DEL) 3. Press 1 (YES) to clear the data or 4 (NO) to abort the operation without clearing anything. k k k k k Variable Data (VARS) Menu You can use the variable data menu to recall the data listed below. • View Window values• Enlargement/reduction...

39 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 1 (Xmin) ....... x -axis minimum 2 (Xmax) ...... x -axis maximum 3 (Xscl) ........ x -axis scale [ 1 (Ymin) ....... y -axis minimum 2 (Ymax) ...... y -axis maximum 3 (Yscl) ........ y -axis scale [ 1 (Tmin) ....... Minimum of T 2 (Tmax) ...... Maximum of T 3 (Tpth) .....

41 Basic Calculations Chapter 2 The following menu appears whenever you press 3 (GRPH) while the statistical data menu is on the display. 3 (GRPH) 1 ( a )- 3 ( c ) ... Statistical graph regression coefficient and multinomial coeffi- cients 4 ( r ) ............. Statistical graph correlation coeffici...

42 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations Input a storage area number and then press one of the following function keys torecall the corresponding graph function stored in that storage area. 1 (Y) ............ Rectangular coordinate or inequality function 2 (Xt) ........... Parametric graph function Xt 3 (Yt)...

45 Differential Calculations Chapter 3 This average, which is called the central difference, is expressed as: u u u u u To perform a differential calculation Example To determine the derivative at point x = 3 for the function y = x 3 + 4 x 2 + x – 6, when the increase/decrease of x is defined as ∆ x...

Graphing A collection of versatile graphing tools plus a large 79 × 47-dot display makes it easy to draw a variety of function graphs quicklyand easily. This calculator is capable of drawing the following typesof graphs.• Rectangular coordinate (Y =) graphs• Parametric graphs• Inequality graphs • A ...

48 Chapter 4 Graphing 1. Before Trying to Draw a Graph k k k k k Entering the Graph Mode On the Main Menu, select the GRAPH icon and enter the GRAPH Mode. When you do, the Graph Function (G-Func) menu appears on the display. You can use thismenu to store, edit, and recall functions and to draw their...

50 Chapter 4 Graphing 4. To exit the View Window, press Q . • Pressing w without inputting any value also exits the View Window. • The following is the input range for View Window parameters. –9.99E+97 to 9.999E+97 • You can input parameter values up to 7 digits long. Values greater than 10 6 or les...

51 Graphing Chapter 4 b. Press ! 3 (V-Window) 2 (TRIG) to initialize the View Window to the follow- ing settings. Deg Mode Xmin = –360 Ymin = –1.6 Xmax = 360 Ymax = 1.6 Xscl = 90 Yscl = 0.5 Rad Mode Xmin = –6.28318 Xmax = 6.28318Xscl = 1.57079 Gra Mode Xmin = –400 Xmax = 400Xscl = 100 • The settings...

52 Chapter 4 Graphing 3. Graph Function Operations You can store up to 10 functions in memory. Functions in memory can be edited,recalled, and graphed. The types of functions that can be stored in memory are:rectangular coordinate functions, parametric functions, and inequalities. k k k k k Specifyi...

53 Graphing Chapter 4 • You will not be able to store the expression in an area that already contains a parametric function. Select another area to store your expression or delete theexisting parametric function first. This also applies when storing inequalities. u u u u u To store a parametric func...

54 Chapter 4 Graphing k k k k k Editing Functions in Memory u u u u u To edit a function in memory Example To change the expression in memory area Y1 from y = 2 x 2 – 5 to y = 2 x 2 – 3 e (Displays cursor.) eeee d (Changes contents.) w (Stores new graph function.) u u u u u To delete a function 1. W...

55 Graphing Chapter 4 Use the following View W indow parameters. Xmin = –5 Ymin = –5 Xmax = 5 Ymax = 5 Xscl = 1 Yscl = 1 ccc (Select a memory area that contains afunction for which you want to specifynon-draw.) 1 (SEL) (Specify non-draw.) 4 (DRAW) or w (Draws the graphs.) • Pressing u or A returns t...

57 Graphing Chapter 4 u u u u u To graph parametric functions You can graph parametric functions that can be expressed in the following format. (X, Y) = ( f (T), g (T)) Example To graph the following parametric functions: x = 7 cos T – 2 cos 3T y = 7 sin T – 2 sin 3T Use the following View W indow p...

58 Chapter 4 Graphing Example To graph the inequality y > x 2 – 2 x – 6 Use the following View W indow parameters. Xmin = –6 Ymin = –10 Xmax = 6 Ymax = 10 Xscl = 1 Yscl = 5 1. In the set-up screen, specify the appropriate graph type for F-Type. !Z [ 1 (Y>) Q 2. Input the inequality. A!4 (SKTCH...

59 Graphing Chapter 4 k k k k k Trace With trace, you can move a flashing pointer along a graph with the f , c , d , and e cursor keys and obtain readouts of coordinates at each point. The following shows the different types of coordinate readouts produced by trace. • Rectangular Coordinate Graph • ...

60 Chapter 4 Graphing • Pressing d and e moves the pointer along the graph. Holding down either key moves the pointer at high speed. 3. Use f and c to move the pointer between the two graphs. 4. Use e to move the pointer to the other intersection. e ~ e • To quit the trace operation, press 1 (TRCE) ...

62 Chapter 4 Graphing k k k k k Zoom The zoom feature lets you enlarge and reduce a graph on the display. u u u u u Before using zoom Immediately after drawing a graph, press !2 (ZOOM) to display the Zoom Menu. !2 (ZOOM) 1 (BOX) ....... Graph enlargement using box zoom 2 (FACT) ...... Displays scree...

63 Graphing Chapter 4 2. Press 1 (BOX), and then use the cursor keys ( d , e , f , c ) to move the pointer to the location of one of the corners of the box you want to draw on thescreen. Press w to specify the location of the corner. 1 (BOX) d ~ d w 3. Use the cursor keys to move the pointer to the ...

65 Graphing Chapter 4 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ • The above procedure automatically converts the x -range and y -range View Win- dow values to 1/5 of their original settings. • You can repeat the factor zoom procedure more than once to further enlarge or reduce the graph. u u u u u To initialize...

66 Chapter 4 Graphing [ • Other menu items are identical to those in the STAT, GRAPH, TABLE Mode menu. The Sketch function lets you draw lines and plot points on a graph that is already onthe screen.All the examples in this section that show operations in the STAT, GRAPH or TABLEMode are based on th...

67 Graphing Chapter 4 In the RUN or PRGM Mode The following is the syntax for plotting points in these modes. Plot < x -coordinate>, < y -coordinate> Example To plot a point at (2, 2) Use the following View W indow parameters. Xmin = –5 Ymin = –10 Xmax = 5 Ymax = 10 Xscl = 1 Yscl = 2 1. ...

68 Chapter 4 Graphing u u u u u To turn plot points on and off in the STAT, GRAPH and TABLE Modes • To turn a plot point on 1. After drawing a graph, display the sketch menu and then perform the following operation to make the pointer appear at the center of the screen. !4 (SKTCH) 3 (PLOT) 2 (P-On) ...

69 Graphing Chapter 4 u u u u u To draw a line between two plotted points In the STAT, GRAPH or TABLE Mode Example To draw a line between the two points of inflection on the graphof y = x ( x + 2)( x – 2) Use the same View Window parameters as in the example on page66. 1. After graphing the function...

70 Chapter 4 Graphing u u u u u To draw a line in the STAT, GRAPH and TABLE Modes Example To draw a line between two points of inflection on the graph of y = x ( x + 2)( x – 2) 1. After graphing the function, display the sketch menu and perform the following operation to cause the pointer to appear ...

71 Graphing Chapter 4 In the RUN or PRGM Mode Example To draw a line perpendicular to the x -axis from point ( x , y ) = (2, 6) on the graph y = 3 x Use the following View Window parameters: Xmin = –2 Ymin = –2 Xmax = 5 Ymax = 10 Xscl = 1 Yscl = 2 1. After drawing the graph, use the procedure under ...

72 Chapter 4 Graphing 2. Use the d and e cursor keys to move the line left and right, and press w to draw the line at the current location. e ~ e w • To draw a horizontal line, simply press 2 (Hztl) in place of 1 (Vert), and use the f and c cursor keys to move the horizontal line on the display. In ...

74 Chapter 5 Table and Graph To enter the Table Mode, press m to display the Main Menu, use the cursor keys to select the TABLE icon, and then press w . This is the initial Table Mode screen. To generate a table, you must first specify thevariable range. The menu at the bottom of the display looks l...

75 Table and Graph Chapter 5 u u u u u To assign values automatically within a specified range Example To assign values from –3 to 3, in increments of 1 (seven valuestotal) 3 (RANG) - d w d w b w Strt: ................. Variable x start value End: ................ Variable x end value ptch: ...........

76 Chapter 5 Table and Graph 4. Generating a Numeric Table Before actually generating a numeric table, you must first select the functions youwant to use.Use the f and c cursor keys to move the highlighting to the function you want to use and then press 1 (SEL) to select it. The “=” symbols of selec...

77 Table and Graph Chapter 5 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5. Editing a Table You can use the editing screen to add lines to or delete lines from an existing table.Press 2 (ROW) to display the Table Editing Menu. 2 (ROW) 1 (DEL) ........ Deletes line where cursor is located. 2 (INS) ......... Inserts new line whe...

78 Chapter 5 Table and Graph Graphing a table whose values were generated using more than one function causesthe graphs of all the functions to be drawn at the same time. You can set x - and y - axis parameters using the View Window.Press u or A to return to the numeric table screen from a graph. Pr...

k k k k k List Data Linking 80 List operation Example: List 1 + List 2 {1, 2, 3} + {4, 5, 6}List 1 + 3 Graph Operation List internal operations a w Graphing withlist data Example: Y1=List 1X Table LIST Copying table result to a list K 1 (LIST) 2 (LMEM) S pecific selected data can be copied to a list...

82 Chapter 6 List Function u u u u u To batch input a series of values 1. Use f to move the cursor to the list name. ffff 2. Use d or e to move the cursor to another list. e 3. Press ! { , and then input the values you want, pressing , between each one. Press ! } after inputting the final value. ! {...

83 List Function Chapter 6 u u u u u To delete a cell 1. Use d , e , f , or c to move the cursor to the cell you want to delete. cd 2. Press [ to display the Cell Operation Menu. [ 3. Press 1 (DEL) to delete the selected cell and cause everything below it to be shifted up. 1 (DEL) • Note that the ab...

84 Chapter 6 List Function 2. Press [ to display the Cell Operation Menu (if it is not already displayed). [ 3. Press 2 (DEL-A). The function menu changes to confirm whether you really want to delete all the cells in the list. 2 (DEL-A) 4. Press 1 (YES) to delete all the cells in the selected list o...

85 List Function Chapter 6 3. Input the value you want into the new cell (4 in our example) and press w . e w • Note that the above cell insert operation does not affect cells in other lists. If the data in the list where you insert a cell is somehow related to the data inneighboring lists, insertin...

86 Chapter 6 List Function Descending order Use the same procedure as that for the ascending order sort. The only difference isthat you should press 2 (SRT-D) in place of 1 (SRT-A). u u u u u To sort multiple lists You can link multiple lists together for a sort so that all of their cells are rearra...

87 List Function Chapter 6 3. Manipulating List Data List data can be used in arithmetic and function calculations. There is also a collec-tion of powerful list data manipulation functions that let you do the following. • Count the number values (Dim)• Replace all cell values with the same value (Fi...

88 Chapter 6 List Function u u u u u To replace all cell values with the same value (Fill) K 1 (LIST) 4 (Fill) <value> , 1 (List) <list number 1-6> ) w Example To replace all values in List 1 (36 , 16 , 58 , 46 , 56) with the number 3 A K 1 (LIST) 4 (Fill) d, 1 (List) b) w The following ...

89 List Function Chapter 6 u u u u u To find the minimum value in a list (Min) K 1 (LIST) [ 2 (Min) [ [ 1 (List) <list number 1-6> ) w Example To find the minimum value in List 1 (36 , 16 , 58 , 46 , 56) A K 1 (LIST) [ 2 (Min) [[ 1 (List) b) w u u u u u To find the maximum value in a list (Max...

90 Chapter 6 List Function Example To calculate the mean of values in List 1 (36 , 16 , 58 , 46 , 56) A K 1 (LIST) [ 4 (Mean) [[ 1 (List) b) w u u u u u To calculate the mean of values of specified frequency (Mean) This procedure uses two lists: one that contains values and one that contains thenumb...

91 List Function Chapter 6 u u u u u To calculate the sum of values in a list (Sum) K 1 (LIST) [ [ 2 (Sum) [ 1 (List) <list number 1-6> w Example To calculate the sum of values in List 1 (36 , 16 , 58 , 46 , 56) A K 1 (LIST) [[ 2 (Sum) [ 1 (List) b w 4. Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists You ...

92 Chapter 6 List Function 2. Press 1 (LIST) to display the List Data Manipulation Menu. 1 (LIST) 3. Press 1 (List) to display the “List” command and input the number of the list you want to specify. 1 (List) g (Input List 6.) u u u u u To directly input a list of values You can also directly input ...

93 List Function Chapter 6 u u u u u To input a value into a specific cell You can input a value into a specific cell inside a list. When you do, the value thatwas previously stored in the cell is replaced with the new value you input. Example To input the value 25 into cell 2 of List 3 cf a K 1 (LI...

94 Chapter 6 List Function k k k k k Performing Scientific Function Calculations Using a List Lists can be used just as numeric values are in scientific function calculations. Whenthe calculation produces a list as a result, the list is stored in Ans Memory. 41 Example 1 To use List 3 65 to perform ...

96 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations 1. Before Performing Statistical Calculations In the Main Menu, select the STAT icon to enter the STAT Mode and display the statistical data lists.Use the statistical data lists to input data and to perform statistical calculations. 1 (GRPH) .... Grap...

97 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 k k k k k Inputting Data into Lists Input the two groups of data into List 1 and List 2. a.f w b.c w c.e w e w f.c w e - c.b w a.d w b.f w c w c.e w Once data is input, you can use it for graphing and statistical calculations. • Input values can be up...

98 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations k k k k k Plotting a Scatter Diagram It is often difficult to spot the relationship between two sets of data (such as heightand shoe size) by simply looking at the numbers. Such relationships often becomeclear however, when we plot the data on a graph...

99 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 2. Use f and c to move the highlighting to the graph whose draw (On)/non-draw (Off) status you want to change and press 1 (On) or 2 (Off). 3. To return to the graph menu, press Q . u u u u u To draw a graph Example To draw a scatter diagram of Graph 3...

100 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 [ u u u u u To display the general graph settings (SET) screen While the graph menu is on the display, press [ 4 (SET) to display the general graph settings screen. 1 (GRPH) [ 4 (SET) • The settings shown here are examples only. The s...

101 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ [ 1 (Hist) ......... Histogram 2 (Box) ......... Med-box graph 3 (N•Dis) ...... Normal distribution curve [ 1 (X) ............ Linear regression graph 2 (Med) ........ Med-Med graph 3 (X^2) ......... ...

104 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ u u u u u To select the data list for a pie chart, stacked bar chart, bar graph or line graph (Data) 1. While the graph settings screen is on the display, use f and c to move the highlighting to the Data item. ...

105 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 3. Use f and c to move the highlighting to the Line item. 4. Use the function key menu to select the name of the statistical data list whose values you want to use. 1 (List1) ....... List 1 2 (List2) ....... List 2 3 (List3) ....... List 3 4 (List4) ...

106 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations [ 1 (Log) ......... Logarithmic regression 2 (Exp) ......... Exponential regression 3 (Pwr) ......... Power regression 4 (2VAR) ...... Paired-variable statistical results Press [ to return to the previous menu. k k k k k Displaying Statistical Calcul...

107 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 Example To graph a logarithmic regression While logarithmic regression parameter calculation results are on the display, press 4 (DRAW). 4 (DRAW) For details on the meanings of function menu items at the bottom of the display, see“Selecting the Regre...

108 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations P.101 (G-Type) (N•Dis) Med Q3 1 2 3 4 Q1 maxX k k k k k Normal Distribution Curve The normal distribution curve is graphed using the following normal distribution func-tion. y = 1 (2 π ) x σ n e – 2 x σ n 2 ( x – x ) 2 The distribution of characteris...

109 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 The following describes the meaning of each of the parameters. _ x ...................... Mean of data Σ x .................... Sum of data Σ x 2 .................. Sum of squares x σ n .................. Population standard deviation x σ n -1 .........

110 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations • Performing a trace operation ( !1 (TRCE)) while a pie chart is on the display causes the pointer to appear at the topmost segment. Pressing e and d moves the pointer to neighboring segments. • While a pie graph is on the display, you can toggle bet...

111 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 • Only positive data can be included in a stacked bar chart. Attempting to draw a stacked bar chart for a list that includes negative data causes an error (Ma ER-ROR). • A stacked bar chart cannot be superimposed with another graph.• View Window sett...

112 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Example To input the following data into List 1 and use it to draw a bargraph: 18.0, 13.5, 4.5, 31.5, 22.5 1 (GRPH) [ 4 (SET) 1 (GPH1) c [[[[ 1 (Bar) c 1 (List1) Q 1 (GRPH) 1 (GPH1) • A bar graph can have up to 14 data items. Attempting to draw a bar...

113 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 • Pressing ! 1 (TRCE) while a line graph is on the display activates the trace operation. Use d and e to move the pointer. • You cannot draw multiple line graphs on the same screen. k k k k k Bar Graph and Line Graph From the statistical data list, p...

114 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations 4. Calculating and Graphing Paired- Variable Statistical Data Under “Plotting a Scatter Diagram,” we displayed a scatter diagram and then per-formed a logarithmic regression calculation. Let’s use the same procedure to look atthe six regression funct...

115 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 k k k k k Med-Med Graph When it is suspected that there are a number of extreme values, a Med-Med graphcan be used in place of the least squares method. This is also a type of linear regres-sion, but it minimizes the effects of extreme values. It is ...

116 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations The following are the meanings of the above parameters. a ...... Regression second coefficient b ...... Regression first coefficient c ...... Regression constant term ( y -intercept) k k k k k Logarithmic Regression Graph Logarithmic regression expre...

117 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 4 (DRAW) The following are the meanings of the above parameters. a ...... Regression coefficient b ...... Regression constant term r ...... Correlation coefficient k k k k k Power Regression Graph Exponential regression expresses y as a proportion of...

118 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations k k k k k Displaying Paired-Variable Statistical Results Paired-variable statistics can be expressed as both graphs and parameter values.When these graphs are displayed, the menu at the bottom of the screen appears asbelow. [ 4 (2VAR) ....... Paired-...

119 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 3 (COPY) ..... Stores the displayed regression formula to the GRAPH Mode 4 (DRAW) .... Graphs the displayed regression formula 1. Press 3 (COPY) to copy the regression formula that produced the displayed data to the GRAPH Mode. 3 (COPY) Note that you...

120 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations • The text at the top of the screen indicates the currently selected graph (StatGraph 1 = Graph 1, StatGraph 2 = Graph 2, StatGraph 3 = Graph 3). 1. Use f and c to change the currently selected graph. The graph name at the top of the screen changes w...

121 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 2 (Man) Q (Returns to previous menu.) 1 (GRPH) 1 (GPH1) Here we will illustrate this operation by making histogram settings for Graph 1. The following are the meanings of the items that appear in this screen. Strt .................. Histogram start p...

122 Chapter 7 Statistical Graphs and Calculations The following is the meaning for each item. 1VarX .............. Specifies list where single-variable statistic x values (XList) are located. 1VarF .............. Specifies list where single-variable frequency values (Fre- quency) are located. 2VarX ...

123 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7 P.118 Now you can press f and c to view variable characteristics. For details on the meanings of these statistical values, see “Displaying Paired-Vari-able Statistical Results”. k k k k k Regression Calculation In the explanations from "Linear Re...

126 Chapter 8 Programming 1. Before Programming The programming function helps to make complex, often-repeated calculations quickand easy. Commands and calculations are executed sequentially, just like the manualcalculation multistatements. Multiple programs can be stored under file names foreasy re...

127 Programming Chapter 8 A 1 2 3 4 2. Programming Examples Example 1 To calculate the surface area and volume of three regular octahedrons of the dimensions shown in the table below Store the calculation formula under the file name OCTA. Length of One Side (A) Surface Area (S) Volume (V) 7 cm cm 2 ...

128 Chapter 8 Programming • Pressing 4 (SYBL) displays a menu of symbols that can be input. 4 (SYBL) • You can delete a character while inputting a file name by moving the cursor to the character you want to delete and pressing D . 3. Press w to register the file name and change to the program input...

129 Programming Chapter 8 u u u u u To change modes in a program • Pressing 3 (MENU) while the program input screen is on the display causes a mode change menu to appear. You can use this menu to input mode changes intoyour programs. For details on each of these modes, see “Using the Main Menu”, asw...

130 Chapter 8 Programming Surface Area S ... c* !9 d* a A xw Volume V ............ !9 c/d* a A M d w If you simply input the manual calculations shown above however, the calculatorwould execute them from beginning to end, without stopping. The following com-mands make it possible to interrupt a calc...

132 Chapter 8 Programming 3. Debugging a Program A problem in a program that keeps the program from running correctly is called a“bug,” and the process of eliminating such problems is called “debugging.” Either ofthe following symptoms indicates that your program contains bugs and that debug-ging is...

133 Programming Chapter 8 5. Secret Function When inputting a program, you can protect it with a password that limits access tothe program contents to those who know the password. Password protected pro-grams can be executed by anyone without inputting the password. u u u u u To register a password ...

134 Chapter 8 Programming u u u u u To recall a program Example To recall the file named AREA which is protected by thepassword CASIO 1. In the program list, use f and c to move the highlighting to the name of the program you want to recall. 2. Press 2 (EDIT). 2 (EDIT) 3. Input the password and pres...

135 Programming Chapter 8 u u u u u To find a file using file name search Example To use file name search to recall the program named OCTA 1. While the program list is on the display, press 3 (NEW) and input the name of the file you want to find. 3 (NEW) OCTA 2. Press w to recall the program. • If t...

138 Chapter 8 Programming w w ba w w 8. Deleting a Program There are two different ways to delete a file name and its program. • Specific program delete• All program delete u u u u u To delete a specific program 1. While the program list is on the display, use f and c to move the highlighting to the...

139 Programming Chapter 8 [ 2 (DEL•A) 2. Press 1 (YES) to delete all the programs in the list or 4 (NO) to abort the operation without deleting anything. • You can also delete all programs using the MEM Mode . See “Clearing Memory Contents” for details. 9. Useful Program Commands In addition to calc...

142 Chapter 8 Programming 3 (TABL) 1 (Tabl) ........ DispTable command 2 (G•Con) .... DrawTG-Con command 3 (G•Plt) ....... DrawTG-Plt command Conditional Jump Relational Operator Menu (REL) While the program menu is on the display, press [ [ 1 (REL) to display the conditional jump relational operato...

143 Programming Chapter 8 10. Command Reference k k k k k Command Index Break .................................................................................... 149ClrGraph ............................................................................... 153ClrList .....................................

144 Chapter 8 Programming [Square Brackets] ....... Square brackets are used to enclose items that are op- tional. Do not input the square brackets when inputting acommand. Numeric Expressions . Numeric expressions (such as 10, 10 + 20, A) indicate con- stants, calculations, numeric constants, etc. ...

149 Programming Chapter 8 Description: 1. This command repeats the commands contained in the loop as long as its condi- tion is true (non-zero). When the condition becomes false (0), execution pro-ceeds from the statement following the WhileEnd-statement. 2. Since the condition comes after the While...

150 Chapter 8 Programming 3. A subroutine can be used in multiple locations in the same main routine, or it can be called up by any number of main routines. D C E I J Prog ”E” Prog ”I” Prog ”J” A Prog ”D” Prog ”C” 4. Calling up a subroutine causes it to be executed from the beginning. After execu- t...

151 Programming Chapter 8 Example: For 2 → I To 10 _ If I = 5 _ Then ”STOP” : Stop _ IfEnd _ Next This program counts from 2 to 10. When the count reaches 5, however, it terminatesexecution and displays the message ”STOP.” k k k k k Jump Commands (JUMP) Dsz Function: This command is a count jump tha...

152 Chapter 8 Programming 3. This command can be used in combination with conditional jumps and count jumps. 4. If there is no Lbl-statement whose value matches that specified by the Goto- statement, an error (Go ERROR) occurs. Example: ? → A : ? → B : Lbl 1 : ? → X : A × X + B ^ Goto 1 This program...

153 Programming Chapter 8 Description: 1. The conditional jump compares the contents of two variables or the results of two expressions, and a decision is made whether or not to execute the jump basedon the results of the comparison. 2. If the comparison returns a true result, execution continues wi...

154 Chapter 8 Programming Description: This command draws a statistical graph in accordance with conditions defined withinthe program. DrawGraph Function: This command draws a graph. Syntax: DrawGraph _ Description: This command draws a graph in accordance with the drawing condi- tions defined withi...

155 Programming Chapter 8 Send ( Function: This command sends data to an external device. Syntax: Send (<data>) (…ex. Send (List 1)) Description: 1. This command sends data to an external device.2. The following types of data can be sent by this command. • Individual values assigned to variabl...

156 Chapter 8 Programming 11. Text Display You can include text in a program by simply enclosing it between double quotationmarks. Such text appears on the display during program execution, which meansyou can add labels to input prompts and results. Program Display ? → X ? ”X =” ? → X X = ? • If the...

157 Programming Chapter 8 Executing this program produces the result shown here. k k k k k Using Table & Graph Functions in a Program Table & Graph functions in a program can generate numeric tables and performgraphing operations. The following shows various types of syntax you need to usewh...

158 Chapter 8 Programming Executing this program produces the results shown here. Numeric Table Graph w k k k k k Using List Sort Functions in a Program These functions let you sort the data in lists into ascending or descending order.• Ascending order 1 SortA ( 2 List 1, List 2, List 3) Lists to be...

160 Chapter 8 Programming Example Program ClrGraph _ 1 !Z [[[ 1Q 1 S-WindAuto _ 2 K 11 {1, 2, 3} → 2 List 1 _ 3 1Q {1, 2, 3} → 3 List 2 _ 4 3121Q 4 S-Gph1 5 DrawOn, 5 3111Q 6 Scatter, List1, List2, 1, 7 Square _ 6 312 [ 1Q 8 DrawStat 7 3141Q 8 !W [ 41Q Executing this program produces the scatter dia...

Data Communications Chapter 9 163 Data Communications This chapter tells you everything you need to know to transfer pro-grams between the fx-7400G PLUS and certain CASIO Graphic Sci-entific Calculator models connected with an optionally available SB-62 cable. To transfer data between a unit and a p...

Chapter 9 Data Communications 164 1. Connecting Two Units The following procedure describes how to connect two units with an optional SB-62connecting cable for transfer of programs between them. u u u u u To connect two units 1. Check to make sure that the power of both units is off. 2. Remove the c...

Data Communications Chapter 9 165 2. Connecting the Unit with a Personal Computer To transfer data between the unit and a personal computer, you must connect themthrough a separately available CASIO Interface Unit. For details on operation, the types of computer that can be connected, and hardwareli...

Chapter 9 Data Communications 166 3. Connecting the Unit with a CASIO Label Printer After you connect the unit to a CASIO Label Printer with an optional SB-62 cable,you can use the Label Printer to print screen shot data from the unit. See the user’sguide that comes with your Label Printer for detai...

Data Communications Chapter 9 167 4. Before Performing a Data Communication Operation In the Main Menu, select the LINK icon and enter the LINK Mode. The following data communication main menu appears on the display. Image Set: ........... Indicates the status of the graphic image send features. Off...

Chapter 9 Data Communications 168 5. Performing a Data Transfer Operation Connect the two units and then perform the following procedures. Receiving unit To set up the calculator to receive data, press 2 (RECV) while the data communi- cation main menu is displayed. 2 (RECV) The calculator enters a d...

Chapter 9 Data Communications 170 1 (YES) ........ Replaces the receiving unit’s existing data with the new data. 4 (NO) ......... Skips to next data item. * 2 With password check: If a file is password protected, a message appears askingfor input of the password. Name of password protected file Pas...

Data Communications Chapter 9 171 Press 1 (YES) to send the data. 1 (YES) • You can interrupt a data operation at any time by pressing A . The following shows what the displays of the sending and receiving units look likeafter the data communication operation is complete. Sending Unit Receiving Unit...

Chapter 9 Data Communications 172 Sending Unit Receiving Unit Press A to return to the data communication main menu. • Data can become corrupted, necessitating a RESET of the receiving unit, should the connecting cable become disconnected during data transfer. Make surethat the cable is securely con...

Data Communications Chapter 9 173 You cannot send the following types of screens to a computer. • The screen that appears while a data communication operation is in progress.• A screen that appears while a calculation is in progress.• The screen that appears following the reset operation.• The low b...

Program Library 1 Prime Factor Analysis2 Greatest Common Measure3 t -Test Value 4 Circle and Tangents5 Rotating a Figure Before using the Program Library • Be sure to check how many bytes of unused memory are remain- ing before attempting to perform any programming. • This Program Library is divided...

176 PROGRAM SHEET Program for Prime Factor Analysis Description Produces prime factors of arbitrary positive integers For 1 < m < 10 10 Prime numbers are produced from the lowest value first. “END” is displayed at the endof the program. (Overview) m is divided by 2 and by all successive odd nu...

177 123456789 101112131415161718192021222324252627 P LblLblLblLblLbl Goto LblLblLblLblLbl R 01234656789 M ::::::::::: " 2 Frac B BABA " F M ^ ( A I + ÷ ^^ E A " AA + C 2 BA N C ? ÷÷ 1 ⇒ → × ÷ D T → 22 → Goto BBB " : A = :: Goto AA Goto A → ) C 8 : – → ^ Goto : 0 Frac 4= : 0 2 A ⇒ ( :...

178 PROGRAM SHEET Program for Greatest Common Measure Description Euclidean general division is used to determine the greatest common measure for two interers a and b .For | a |, | b | < 10 9 , positive values are taken as < 10 10 (Overview) n 0 = max ( | a |, | b |) n 1 = min (| a |, | b |) n...

180 Program for t -Test Value Description The mean (sample mean) and sample standard deviation can be used to obtain a t -test value. x : mean of x data x σ n –1 : sample standard deviation of x data n : number of data items m : hypothetical population standard deviation (normally repre- sented by µ...

181 123456789 1015202530354045506080 120240 ∞ 0.2 3.0781.8861.6381.5331.4761.4401.4151.3971.3831.3721.3411.3251.3161.3101.3061.3031.3011.2991.2961.2921.2891.2851.282 0.1 6.3142.9202.3532.1322.0151.9431.8951.8601.8331.8121.7531.7251.7081.6971.6901.6841.6791.6761.6711.6641.6581.6511.645 12.706 4.3033....

182 PROGRAM SHEET Program for Circle and Tangents Description Formula for circle: x 2 + y 2 = r 2 Formula for tangent line passingthrough point A ( x' , y' ): y – y' = m ( x – x' ) * m represents the slope of the tangent line With this program, slope m and intercept b (= y' – mx' ) are obtained for ...

185 1 2 3 4 5 Program for Circle and Tangents No. 4 Step Key Operation Display

189 PROGRAM SHEET Program for Rotating a Figure Description Formula for coordinate transforma-tion: ( x , y ) → ( x' , y' ) x' = x cos θ – y sin θ y' = x sin θ + y cos θ Graphing of rotation of any geometric figure by θ degrees. Example To rotate by 30 ° the triangle defined by points A (2, 0.5), B ...

Appendix Appendix A Resetting the CalculatorAppendix B Power SupplyAppendix C Error Message TableAppendix D Input RangesAppendix E Specifications

194 Appendix Appendix A Resetting the Calculator Warning! The procedure described here clears all memory contents. Never perform this op-eration unless you want to totally clear the memory of the calculator. If you needthe data currently stored in memory, be sure to write it down somewhere beforeper...

195 Appendix Resetting the calculator initializes it to the following settings. Item Initial Setting Icon RUN Angle Unit Rad Exponent Display Range Norm 1 Fraction Reduction Automatic Mixed Fraction Display Graph Type Rectangular coordinate (Y=) Statistical Graph Automatic Variable Memory Clear Answ...

196 Appendix Appendix B Power Supply This unit is powered by two AAA-size (LR03 (AM4) or R03 (UM-4)) batteries. In addi-tion, it uses a single CR2032 lithium battery as a back up power supply for the memory. If the following message appears on the display, immediately stop using the calcula-tor and ...

197 Appendix (Should a battery leak, clean out the battery compartment of the unit immedi-ately, taking care to avoid letting the battery fluid come into direct contact withyour skin.) Keep batteries out of the reach of small children. If swallowed, consult with aphysician immediately. u u u u u To ...

198 Appendix • Power will not switch on if you press o while the back cover is open. • Do not leave the unit without main power supply batteries loaded for long periods. Doing so can cause deletion of data stored in memory. • If the figures on the display appear too light and hard to see after you t...

199 Appendix 6. Wipe off the surfaces of a new battery with a soft, dry cloth. Load it into the calculator sothat its positive (+) side is facing up. 7. Pressing down on the battery with the battery holder, replace the screw that secures theholder in place. 8. Replace the back cover and press o to t...

200 Appendix Meaning 1 Calculation formula contains anerror. 2 Formula in a program containsan error. 1 Calculation result exceedscalculation range. 2 Calculation is outside the inputrange of a function. 3 Illogical operation (division byzero, etc.) 4 Poor precision in differentialcalculation result...

202 Appendix Function sin x cos x tan x sin –1 x cos –1 x tan –1 x log x In x 10 x e x x x 2 1/ x 3 x x ! n P r n C r Pol ( x , y ) Rec ( r , θ ) Internal digits 15 digits " " " " " " " " " Precision As a rule,precision is ± 1 at the 10th digit. * " " "...

204 Appendix Appendix E Specifications Variables: 26 Calculation range: ± 1 × 10 –99 to ± 9.999999999 × 10 99 and 0. Internal operations use 15-digit mantissa. Exponential display range: Norm 1 : 10 –2 > | x |, | x | > 10 10 Norm 2 : 10 –9 > | x |, | x | > 10 10 Program capacity: 20,000 ...