Page 2 - The Analyzer at a Glance; ii
The Analyzer at a Glance 4 5 7 3 9 1 8 2 6 3 16 14 11 15 18 13 10 12 17 ii
Page 3 - Front Panel; iii
Front Panel 1 -A softkey’s function changes as different menus are displayed. Its current function isdetermined by the video label to its left, on theanalyzer’s screen. 2 -The analyzer’s screen is divided into two main areas. The menu area, a narrowcolumnat the screen’s right edge, displays softkeyl...
Page 5 - Saftey Summary; GENERAL
Saftey Summary The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases ofoperation of this instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or withspecific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design,manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. A...
Page 6 - WARNING; Caution
FUSES Only fuses with the required rated current, voltage, and specified type (normalblow, time delay, etc.) should be used. Do not use repaired fuses orshort-circuited fuse holders. To do so could cause a shock or fire hazard. DO NOT OPERATE IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE Do not operate the instrument ...
Page 7 - Safety Symbols
Safety Symbols Warning, risk of electric shock Caution, refer to accompanying documents Alternating current Both direct and alternating current Earth (ground) terminal Protective earth (ground) terminal Frame or chassis terminal Terminal is at earth potential. Standby (supply).Units with this symbol...
Page 8 - Notation Conventions; Hardkey; on; Shift
Notation Conventions Before you use this book, it is important to understand the types of keys onthe front panel of the analyzer and how they are denoted in this book. Hardkeys Hardkeys are front-panel buttons whose functions are always the same. Hardkeys have a label printed directly on the key. In...
Page 9 - In This Book; To Learn More About the Analyzer; ix
In This Book This book, “Agilent Technologies 89441A Getting Started Guide”, is designed tohelp you become comfortable with the Agilent 89441A Vector Signal Analyzers.It provides step-by step examples of howto use this analyzer to perform taskswhich you have probably performed with other analyzers. ...
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Page 11 - Table of Contents; Using Online Help; xi
Table of Contents 1 Using Online Help To learn about online help 1-2 To display help for hardkeys and softkeys 1-3 To display a related help topic 1-4 To select a topic from the help index 1-5 2 Making Simple Noise Measurements To measure random noise 2-2 To measure band power 2-3 To measure signal ...
Page 12 - xii
6 General Tasks To set up peripherals. 6-2 To print or plot screen contents 6-3 To save data with an internal or RAM disk 6-4 To recall data with an internal or RAM disk 6-5 To format a disk 6-6 To create a math function 6-7 To use a math function 6-8 To display a summary of instrument parameters 6-...
Page 13 - Using Online Help
1 Using Online Help You can learn about your analyzer from online help which is built right into theinstrument and is available to you any time you use the analyzer. This sectionshows you how to use online help to learn about specific keys or topics. You canuse online help in conjunction with other ...
Page 14 - To learn about online help; Enter the online help system:; Display online help for the [; Help
To learn about online help 1 Enter the online help system: Press [ Help ]. 2 Display online help for the [ Help ] hardkey: Press [ 5 ] on the numeric keypad. 3 Use the knob or the up-arrowor down-arrowkeys to move through the pages. 4 Quit online help: Press [ Help ]. orPress [ 0 ] on the keypad. Ta...
Page 15 - To display help for hardkeys and softkeys; This example displays topics related to triggering.; ] always returns the analyzer to its preset state. If you press any
To display help for hardkeys and softkeys This example displays topics related to triggering. 1 Enter the online help system: Press [ Help ]. 2 Display help for a hardkey: Press [ Trigger ]. 3 Use the knob or the up and down arrow keys to page through the topic. 4 Select a softkey topic: Press [ tri...
Page 16 - To display a related help topic; This example displays topics related to saving and recalling.; Display help for a hardkey:; ] on the keypad to display the related topic.
To display a related help topic This example displays topics related to saving and recalling. 1 Enter the online help system: Press [ Help ]. 2 Display help for a hardkey: Press [ Save/Recall ]. 3 Scroll with the knob to highlight the Math topic. 4 Select that topic: Press [ 4 ]. 5 Return to previou...
Page 17 - To select a topic from the help index; Turn the knob to select the topic you want help on; or
To select a topic from the help index 1 Enter the online help system: Press [ Help ]. 2 Display the index: Press [ 1 ]. 3 Turn the knob to select the topic you want help on or for faster paging press and hold the up-arrowor down-arrowkeys then use theknob to select a topic. 4 Display the topic: Pres...
Page 20 - To measure random noise; Initialize the analyzer:; Preset; Select a power spectral density measurement:; Measurement Data; Average; Start an averaged measurement:; MeasRestart; Use the knob to move the marker along the trace.
To measure random noise 1 Initialize the analyzer: Press [ Preset ]. 2 Select a power spectral density measurement: Press [ Measurement Data ], [ PSD ] (select ch1 with a 2-channel analyzer). 3 Turn on averaging: Press [ Average ], [ average on ]. 4 Start an averaged measurement: Press [ MeasRestart...
Page 21 - To measure band power; Making Simple Noise Measurements
To measure band power 1 Initialize the analyzer: Press [ Preset ]. 2 Turn on averaging: Press [ Average ], [ average on ]. 3 Start an averaged measurement: Press [ MeasRestart ]. 4 Turn on the band power markers: Press [ Marker Function ], [ bandpower markers ], [ bandpwr mkr on ], [ bandpower ] Pre...
Page 22 - To measure signal to noise ratios; Select the baseband receiver mode and initialize the analyzer:
To measure signal to noise ratios 1 Select the baseband receiver mode and initialize the analyzer: Press [ Instrument Mode ] [ receiver ] [ RF section (0-10 MHz) ]. Press [ Preset ]. 2 Supply a signal from the internal source: Connect the SOURCE output to the INPUT with a BNC cable.Press [ Source ],...
Page 23 - Change to a normalized noise measurement:
7 Change to a normalized noise measurement: Toggle to [ power ratio C/No ] The display should appear as below. The grid lines have been turned off tohighlight the band power markers. The carrier-to-noise and carrier-to-normalized-noise marker measurementsrequire that the standard (diamond shaped) ma...
Page 26 - To Use Time Gating
To Use Time Gating First we’ll look at the spectrum of the signal and see that three componentsexist. Then we’ll look at the time display of the burst signal and analyze eachburst separately to determine which spectral components exist in each burst. 1 Select the baseband receiver mode and initializ...
Page 29 - Measuring Relative Phase; Operator’s Guide
4 Measuring Relative Phase This section shows you how to make typical relative phase measurements onmodulated carrier signals. In this example, you measure the phase of sidebandson AM and PM signals relative to the carrier. The test signals are provided onthe Signals Disk which accompanies the analy...
Page 30 - To measure the relative phase of an AM signal
To measure the relative phase of an AM signal 1 Select the baseband receiver mode and initialize the analyzer: Press [ Instrument Mode ] [ receiver ] [ RF section (0-10 MHz) ]. Press [ Preset ]. 2 Load AM and PM signals from the Signals Disk into registers and play the AMsignal through the source: I...
Page 31 - Turn on marker coupling and zero the offset marker on the carrier:; ] to place the marker on the carrier peak,
6 Activate two traces: Press [ Shift ], [ A ] (tw o Active Trace LEDs are now turned on) 7 Turn on marker coupling and zero the offset marker on the carrier: Press [ Marker ], [ couple mkrs on ], Press [ Shift ], [ Marker ] to place the marker on the carrier peak, Press [ Shift ], [ Marker ⇒ ] to ze...
Page 32 - To measure the relative phase of an PM signal; Continue from “To measure the relative phase of an AM signal.”; Start a single sweep:; ] and note the phase displayed for the lower trace.; 0 degreesfrom the carrier.
To measure the relative phase of an PM signal Continue from “To measure the relative phase of an AM signal.” 1 Replace the arbitrary source AM signal with the PM signal in register D2: Press [ Source ], [ source type ], [ arb data reg ], [ D2 ]. 2 Start a single sweep: Press [ Pause|Single ]. 3 Zero...
Page 33 - Characterizing a Filter
5 Characterizing a Filter This section shows you how to make a typical network measurement. In thisexample, we will be characterizing a 4.5 MHz bandpass filter. 5-1
Page 34 - To set up a frequency response measurement; Select the IF baseband receiver mode and initialize the analyzer:; Instrument Mode
To set up a frequency response measurement Note: This measurement can only be performed with a 2-channel analyzer—you musthave option AY7. You must use the source output and the channel 1 and channel 2 inputs on theIF section for network measurements. 1 Using a BNC “T” adapter or power splitter and ...
Page 36 - To use the absolute marker; Continue from “To set up a frequency response measurement.”; Marker; The marker reflectsthe absolute amplitude and frequency
To use the absolute marker Continue from “To set up a frequency response measurement.” 1 Move the marker to the largest part of the frequency response trace: Press [ Marker ⇒ ], [ marker to peak ]. orPress [ Shift ], [ Marker ] 2 Move the marker with the knob to view the absolute gain/loss of this p...
Page 37 - To use the relative marker; Establish the reference point for the relative (offset) marker:
To use the relative marker Continue from “To set up a frequency response measurement” or from “Usingthe absolute marker.” 1 Move the marker to the largest part of the frequency response trace if it is notalready there: Press [ Shift ], [ Marker ]. 2 Establish the reference point for the relative (of...
Page 38 - To use the search marker; Activate and zero the offset marker if it is not already activated:; Define the search target level and perform a search:; Marker Search
To use the search marker Complete “To set up a frequency response measurement” or continue from oneof the previous marker measurements. 1 Move the marker to the largest part of the frequency response trace if it is notalready there: Press [ Shift ], [ Marker ]. 2 Activate and zero the offset marker ...
Page 39 - To display phase; Display a second trace:; Specify phase data for the second trace:; Couple the markers on traces A and B:; Overlap the two traces:; In this example, note that a trace which is
To display phase Complete “To set up a frequency response measurement” or continue from oneof the previous marker measurements. 1 Display a second trace: Press [ Display ], [ 2 grid s ]. 2 Activate the second trace and define it as a frequency response measurement: Press [ B ], [ Measurement Data ],...
Page 40 - To display coherence; Display; Activate the second trace and select a coherence measurement:; Data Format; linear
To display coherence Complete “To set up a frequency response measurement” or continue from oneof the previous measurements. 1 Display a second trace: Press [ Display ], [ 2 grid s ]. 2 Activate the second trace and select a coherence measurement: Press [ B ], [ Data Format ], [ magnitude linear ], ...
Page 41 - General Tasks
6 General Tasks This chapter shows you how to perform various common tasks. These includesetting up and using peripherals and defining and using math functions. 6 - 1
Page 42 - To set up peripherals.; Turn on the peripherals.; Repeat this step for each GPIB peripheral.; Note that the parallel interface requires no special setup.
To set up peripherals. You may connect peripherals to three ports—one GPIB port, one serial port, andone parallel port. GPIB peripherals may include printers, plotters, and externaldisk drives. Supported serial devices are plotters and printers. Certain printersare parallel devices. 1 Connect the po...
Page 43 - To print or plot screen contents; Set up your printer or plotter if you haven’t already done so.; ] and select a device if you want other than the default.; and select the port to which your printer or plotter is attached.; You may select various parameters under the [
To print or plot screen contents 1 Set up your printer or plotter if you haven’t already done so. 2 Select the output format and device type: Press [ Plot/Print ], [ output fmt ] and select the desired format. Press [ device defaults ] and select a device if you want other than the default. 3 Select...
Page 44 - To save data with an internal or RAM disk; Select the default disk:
To save data with an internal or RAM disk You may save trace data, instrument states, trace math functions, instrumentBASIC programs, and time-capture buffers. 1 Select the default disk: Press [ Save/Recall ], [ default disk ] Press [ nonvolatile RAM disk ], [ volatile RAM disk ] or [ internal disk ...
Page 45 - To recall data with an internal or RAM disk; ] to display the names of files
To recall data with an internal or RAM disk You may recall trace data, instrument states, trace math functions, instrumentBASIC programs, and time-capture buffers. 1 Select the default disk: Press [ Save/Recall ], [ default disk ] Press [ nonvolatile RAM disk ], [ volatile RAM disk ] or [ internal d...
Page 46 - To format a disk; Select the disk drive you want to format:; Disk Utility
To format a disk 1 Select the disk drive you want to format: Press [ Disk Utility ], [ default disk ]. Press the softkey corresponding to the disk drive you want to format. 2 Press [ Return ], [ format disk ]. Select appropriate parameters for your disk drive (disk type, interleave etc.). 3 Press [ ...
Page 47 - To create a math function; Define a math function:; Math; You can create up to 6 functionsand 5 constants
To create a math function In this section you learn howto create a math function which inverts a signal. 1 Initialize the analyzer: Press [ Preset ] 2 Define a constant: Press [ Math ], [ define constant ], [ define K1 ] Press [ real part ], 1, [ enter ], [ imag part ], 0, [ enter ]. 3 Define a math...
Page 48 - To use a math function; Apply the inversion math function you created to this signal:; A user-created math function is applied to a signal
To use a math function In this section you learn howto apply a a math function to a signal. This taskassumes that you have completed “To create a math function.” 1 Initialize the analyzer: Press [ Preset ] 2 Provide an averaged signal from the internal source: Press [ Source ], [ source on ], [ Aver...
Page 49 - To display a summary of instrument parameters; View State; quickly check the current setup
To display a summary of instrument parameters 1 Press [ View State ]. 2 Press [ measurement state ] or [ input/source state ]. These summaries reflect the current states of important measurement, input,and source parameters. You may use these summaries to: l quickly check the current setup l documen...
Page 52 - Preparing the Analyzer for Use; Power Requirements; AC Line Voltage; Warning
Preparing the Analyzer for Use This chapter contains instructions for inspecting and installing theanalyzer. This chapter also includes instructions for cleaning the screen,transporting and storing the analyzer. Power Requirements The analyzer can operate from a single-phase ac power source supplyin...
Page 53 - Power Cable and Grounding Requirements
Power Cable and Grounding Requirements On the GPIB connector, pin 12 and pins 18 through 24 are tied to chassisground and the GPIB cable shield. The instrument frame, chassis, covers,and all exposed metal surfaces including the connectors’ outer shell areconnected to chassis ground. However, if chan...
Page 55 - To do the incoming inspection; Save all packing materials.; Connect the IF section to the RF section.
To do the incoming inspection The analyzer was carefully inspected both mechanically and electrically beforeshipment. It should be free of marks or scratches, and it should meet itspublished specifications upon receipt. 1 Inspect the analyzer for physical damage incurred in transit. If the analyzerw...
Page 57 - To connect the sections; Attach the IF section to the RF section.
To connect the sections Do NOT use the IF section’s EXT REF OUT connector or optional OVEN REFOUT connector as an external reference output. 1 Attach the IF section to the RF section. If the hardware is not installed, follow the instructions supplied with the RearPanel Lock Foot Kit. If the hardware...
Page 59 - To install the analyzer; Install the analyzer to allowfree circulation of cooling air.; Technical Data
To install the analyzer The analyzer is shipped with plastic feet in place, ready for use as a portablebench analyzer. The plastic feet are shaped to make full-width modularinstruments self-align when they are stacked. l Install the analyzer to allowfree circulation of cooling air. Cooling air enter...
Page 60 - To change the IF section’s line-voltage switch
To change the IF section’s line-voltage switch The line-voltage selector switch is set at the factory to match the mostcommonly used line voltage in the country of destination. 1 Unplug the power cord from the IF section (the section with ‘’Agilent 89431A’’silk screened on the lower right rear panel...
Page 61 - To change the RF section’s line-voltage switch; Using a small screwdriver, pry open the power selector cover.
To change the RF section’s line-voltage switch The line-voltage selector switch is set at the factory to match the mostcommonly used line voltage in the country of destination. 1 Unplug the power cord from the RF section (the section with “Agilent 89431A”silk screened on its lower left rear panel). ...
Page 62 - To change the IF section’s fuse; Pull the fuse from the fuse holder cap.
To change the IF section’s fuse The fuse is installed at the factory to match the most commonly used linevoltage in the country of destination. 1 Unplug the power cord from the IF section (the section with ‘’Agilent 89410A’’silk screened on its lower right rear panel). 2 Using a small screwdriver, p...
Page 63 - To change the RF section’s fuse
To change the RF section’s fuse The fuse is installed at the factory to match the most commonly used linevoltage in the country of destination. 1 Unplug the power cord from the RF section (the section with “Agilent 89431A”silk screened on its lower left rear panel). 2 Using a small screwdriver, pry ...
Page 64 - To connect the analyzer to a LAN; Set the power switch to off (; internet protocol address; Return
To connect the analyzer to a LAN Analyzers with option UFG, 4 megabyte extended RAM and additional I/O, havea ThinLAN and AUI (attachment unit interface) port for connecting the analyzerto the LAN (local area network). 1 Set the power switch to off ( O ). 2 Connect the ThinLAN BNC cable to the ThinL...
Page 65 - To connect the analyzer to a serial device; Part Number; To connect the analyzer to a parallel device
To connect the analyzer to a serial device The IF section’s Serial 1 port is a 9-pin, EIA-574 port that can interface with aprinter or plotter. The total allowable transmission path length is 15 meters. l Connect the IF section’s SERIAL 1 port to a printer or plotter using a 9-pinfemale to 25-pin RS...
Page 66 - To connect the analyzer to an GPIB device; For GPIB programming information, see the; To connect the analyzer to an external monitor
To connect the analyzer to an GPIB device The analyzer is compatible with the General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB).Total allowable transmission path length is 2 meters times the number ofdevices or 20 meters, whichever is less. Operating distances can be extendedusing an GPIB Extender. Analyzers wit...
Page 67 - To connect the optional keyboard; even when the analyzer is not in alpha entry mode
To connect the optional keyboard The analyzer may be connected to an optional external keyboard. The keyboardremains active even when the analyzer is not in alpha entry mode . This means that you can operate the analyzer using the external keyboard ratherthan the front panel. Pressing the appropriat...
Page 68 - System Utility; ]. Then press the appropriate softkey to select; To connect the optional minimum loss pad; cable between the minimum loss pad and the device under test.
4 To configure your analyzer for a keyboard other than U.S. English, press[ System Utility ] [ keyboardtype ]. Then press the appropriate softkey to select the language. Configuring your analyzer to use a keyboard other than U.S. English onlyensures that the analyzer recognizes the proper keys for t...
Page 69 - To clean the screen; Set the IF section’s power switch to off (; To store the analyzer; Store the analyzer in a clean, dry, and static free environment.
To clean the screen The analyzer screen is covered with a plastic diffuser screen (this is notremovable by the operator). Under normal operating conditions, the onlycleaning required will be an occasional dusting. However, if a foreign materialadheres itself to the screen, do the following: 1 Set th...
Page 70 - To transport the analyzer; Mark the containers FRAGILE to ensure careful handling.
To transport the analyzer l Disconnect the IF section from the RF section and package each section usingthe original factory packaging or packaging identical to the factory packaging. Containers and materials identical to those used in factory packaging areavailable through Hewlett-Packard offices. ...
Page 71 - If the IF section will not power up; Check that the front-panel switch is on (
If the IF section will not power up q Check that the power cord is connected to the IF section and to a live powersource. q Check that the front-panel switch is on ( l ). q Check that the voltage selector switch is set properly.See ‘’To change the IF section’s line-voltage switch’’ on page 7-10. q C...
Page 72 - If the RF section will not power up
If the RF section will not power up q Check that the power cord is connected to the RF section and to a live powersource. q Check that the RF section’s rear panel and front panel power switches are on( l ). q Check that the voltage selector switch is set properly.See ‘’To change the RF section’s lin...
Page 73 - If the analyzer’s stop frequency is 10 MHz; Check that the RF section’s fan is running.; ] and check that the receiver softkey displays ‘’RF section; Leaving the RF section on, turn the IF section off (
If the analyzer’s stop frequency is 10 MHz q Check that the RF section’s fan is running. If the fan is not running, see ‘’If the RF section will not power up.’’ q Check that the Serial 2 port on the IF section and on the RF section areconnected together. q Press [ Instrument Mode ] and check that th...
Page 75 - Index
Index ! 16QAM demodulation, example OP 8-12-channels digital demod OP 6-12video demod OP 7-15 32QAM signal, example OP 9-2 A A,B,C,D LEDs HTac line voltage GS 7-2adjacent-channel power GS 2-6air circulation GS 7-9aliasing digital demod OP 17-11video demod OP 18-11 alpha entry, using HTalpha, setting...
Page 91 - Agilent 89400-Series Documentation Roadmap; Installation and Verification Guide
Agilent 89400-Series Documentation Roadmap If you are thinking about... And you want to... Then read the analyzer’s... Unpacking and installing the analyzer Install the analyzer, or do operationverification or performance verificationtests Installation and Verification Guide Getting started Make you...
